
COUNCIL DECISION of 21 April 2004 concerning the conclusion of a Euro-Mediterranean Agreement establishing an Association between the European Communities and their Member States, of the one part, and the Arab Republic of Egypt, of the other part (2004/635/EC) 

THE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION,
Having regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community, and in particular Article 310, in conjunction with the second sentence of Article 300(2) and the second subparagraph of Article 300(3) thereof,
Having regard to the proposal from the Commission,
Having regard to the assent of the European Parliament,
Whereas:

(1) The Euro-Mediterranean Agreement establishing an Association between the European Communities and their Member States, of the one part, and the Arab Republic of Egypt, of the other part, signed on behalf of the European Community, in Luxembourg on 25 June 2001, should be approved.

(2) The provisions of this Agreement that fall within the scope of Part III, Title IV of the Treaty establishing the European Community bind the United Kingdom and Ireland as separate Contracting Parties, and not as part of the European Community, until the United Kingdom or Ireland (as the case may be) notifies the Arab Republic of Egypt that it has become bound as part of the European Community in accordance with the Protocol on the position of the United Kingdom and Ireland annexed to the Treaty on European Union and the Treaty establishing the European Community. The same applies to Denmark, in accordance with the Protocol annexed to those Treaties on the position of Denmark,
HAS DECIDED AS FOLLOWS:

Article 1 
The Euro-Mediterranean Agreement establishing an Association between the European Communities and their Member States, of the one part, and the Arab Republic of Egypt, of the other part (hereinafter referred to as the Association Agreement), together with the Annexes and Protocols annexed thereto, and the joint declarations, declarations by the European Community and Exchange of Letters attached to the Final Act, are hereby approved on behalf of the European Community.
The texts referred to in the first subparagraph are attached to this Decision.
Article 2 

1. The position to be taken by the Community within the Association Council, and within the Association Committee when the latter is empowered to act by the Association Council, shall be determined by the Council on the basis of a proposal by the Commission, in accordance with the corresponding provisions of the Treaties.
2. In accordance with Article 75 of the Association Agreement the President of the Council shall preside over the Association Council. A representative of the Commission shall preside over the Association Committee, in accordance with the Rules of Procedure thereof.
3. The decision to publish the decisions of the Association Council and the Association Committee in the Official Journal of the European Union shall be taken on a case-by-case basis by the Council.
Article 3 
The President of the Council, on behalf of the European Community, is hereby authorised to designate the persons empowered to give the notification provided for in Article 92 of the Association Agreement.
Done at Luxembourg, 21 April 2004.
For the Council
The President
J. WALSH
EURO-MEDITERRANEAN AGREEMENT establishing an Association between the European Communities and their Member States, of the one part, and the Arab Republic of Egypt, of the other part 

THE KINGDOM OF BELGIUM,
THE KINGDOM OF DENMARK,
THE FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY,
THE HELLENIC REPUBLIC,
THE KINGDOM OF SPAIN,
THE FRENCH REPUBLIC,
IRELAND,
THE ITALIAN REPUBLIC,
THE GRAND DUCHY OF LUXEMBOURG,
THE KINGDOM OF THE NETHERLANDS,
THE AUSTRIAN REPUBLIC,
THE PORTUGUESE REPUBLIC,
THE FINNISH REPUBLIC,
THE KINGDOM OF SWEDEN,
THE UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND,
Contracting Parties to the Treaty establishing the EUROPEAN COMMUNITY and the Treaty establishing the EUROPEAN COAL AND STEEL COMMUNITY, hereinafter referred to as the ‘Member States’, and
the EUROPEAN COMMUNITY, and the EUROPEAN COAL AND STEEL COMMUNITY, hereinafter referred to as ‘the Community’,
of the one part, and
THE ARAB REPUBLIC OF EGYPT, hereinafter referred to as ‘Egypt’,
of the other part,
CONSIDERING the importance of the existing traditional links between the Community, its Member States and Egypt, and the common values that they share,
CONSIDERING that the Community, its Member States and Egypt wish to strengthen those links and to establish lasting relations based on partnership and reciprocity,
CONSIDERING the importance which the Parties attach to the principles of the United Nations Charter, particularly the observance of human rights, democratic principles and political and economic freedoms which form the very basis of the Association,
DESIROUS of establishing and developing regular political dialogue on bilateral and international issues of mutual interest,
CONSIDERING the difference in economic and social development existing between Egypt and the Community and the need to strengthen the process of economic and social development in Egypt,
DESIROUS of enhancing their economic relations and, in particular, the development of trade, investment and technological cooperation, supported by a regular dialogue, on economic, scientific, technological, cultural, audiovisual and social matters with a view to improving mutual knowledge and understanding,
CONSIDERING the commitment of the Community and Egypt to free trade, and in particular to compliance with the rights and obligations arising out of the provisions of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade of 1994 and of the other multilateral agreements annexed to the agreement establishing the World Trade Organisation,
CONSCIOUS of the need to associate their efforts to strengthen political stability and economic development in the region through the encouragement of regional cooperation,
CONVINCED that the Association Agreement will create a new climate for their relations,
HAVE AGREED AS FOLLOWS:

Article 1 

1. An Association is hereby established between the Community and its Member States of the one part and Egypt of the other part.
2. The aims of this Agreement are:
— to provide an appropriate framework for political dialogue, allowing the development of close political relations between the Parties,
— to establish conditions for the progressive liberalisation of trade in goods, services and capital,
— to foster the development of balanced economic and social relations between the Parties through dialogue and cooperation,
— to contribute to the economic and social development of Egypt,
— to encourage regional cooperation with a view to the consolidation of peaceful co-existence and economic and political stability,
— to promote cooperation in other areas which are of mutual interest.
Article 2 
Relations between the Parties, as well as all the provisions of the Agreement itself, shall be based on respect of democratic principles and fundamental human rights as set out in the Universal Declaration on Human Rights, which guides their internal and international policy and constitutes an essential element of this Agreement.
TITLE I
POLITICAL DIALOGUE
Article 3 

1. A regular political dialogue shall be established between the Parties. It shall strengthen their relations, contribute to the development of a lasting partnership and increase mutual understanding and solidarity.
2. The political dialogue and cooperation shall aim, in particular, to:
— develop better mutual understanding and an increasing convergence of positions on international issues, and in particular on those issues likely to have substantial effects on one or the other Party,
— enable each Party to consider the position and interests of the other,
— enhance regional security and stability,
— promote common initiatives.
Article 4 
The political dialogue shall cover all subjects of common interest, and, in particular peace, security, democracy and regional development.
Article 5 

1. The political dialogue shall take place at regular intervals and whenever necessary, in particular:
(a) at ministerial level, mainly in the framework of the Association Council;
(b) at senior official level of Egypt of the one part, and of the Presidency of the Council and of the Commission of the other;
(c) by taking full advantage of all diplomatic channels including regular briefings by officials, consultations on the occasion of international meetings and contacts between diplomatic representatives in third countries;
(d) by any other means which would make a useful contribution to consolidating, developing and stepping up this dialogue.
2. There shall be a political dialogue between the European Parliament and the Egyptian People's Assembly.
TITLE II
FREE MOVEMENT OF GOODS
BASIC PRINCIPLES
Article 6 
The Community and Egypt shall gradually establish a free trade area over a transitional period not exceeding 12 years from the entry into force of this Agreement, according to the modalities set out in this Title and in conformity with the provisions of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade of 1994 and of the other multilateral agreements on trade in goods annexed to the Agreement establishing the World Trade Organisation (WTO), hereinafter referred to as the GATT.
CHAPTER 1
Industrial products
Article 7 
The provisions of this Chapter shall apply to products originating in the Community and Egypt falling within Chapters 25 to 97 of the Combined Nomenclature and of the Egyptian Customs tariff with the exception of the products listed in Annex I.
Article 8 
Imports into the Community of products originating in Egypt shall be allowed free of customs duties and of any other charge having equivalent effect and free of quantitative restrictions and of any other restriction having equivalent effect.
Article 9 

1. Customs duties and charges having equivalent effect applicable on import into Egypt of products originating in the Community listed in Annex II shall be gradually abolished in accordance with the following schedule:
— on the date of entry into force of this Agreement each duty and charge shall be reduced to 75 % of the basic duty,
— one year after the date of entry into force of this Agreement each duty and charge shall be reduced to 50 % of the basic duty,
— two years after the date of entry into force of this Agreement each duty and charge shall be reduced to 25 % of the basic duty,
— three years after the date of entry into force of this Agreement any remaining duty and charge shall be abolished.
2. Customs duties and charges having equivalent effect applicable on import into Egypt of the products originating in the Community listed in Annex III shall be gradually abolished in accordance with the following schedule:
— three years after the date of entry into force of this Agreement each duty and charge shall be reduced to 90 % of the basic duty,
— four years after the date of entry into force of this Agreement each duty and charge shall be reduced to 75 % of the basic duty,
— five years after the date of entry into force of this Agreement each duty and charge shall be reduced to 60 % of the basic duty,
— six years after the date of entry into force of this Agreement each duty and charge shall be reduced to 45 % of the basic duty,
— seven years after the date of entry into force of this Agreement each duty and charge shall be reduced to 30 % of the basic duty,
— eight years after the date of entry into force of this Agreement each duty and charge shall be reduced to 15 % of the basic duty,
— nine years after the date of entry into force of this Agreement any remaining duty and charge shall be abolished.
3. Customs duties and charges having equivalent effect applicable on import into Egypt of the products originating in the Community listed in Annex IV shall be gradually abolished in accordance with the following schedule:
— five years after the date of entry into force of this Agreement each duty and charge shall be reduced to 95 % of the basic duty,
— six years after the date of entry into force of this Agreement each duty and charge shall be reduced to 90 % of the basic duty,
— seven years after the date of entry into force of this Agreement each duty and charge shall be reduced to 75 % of the basic duty,
— eight years after the date of entry into force of this Agreement each duty and charge shall be reduced to 60 % of the basic duty,
— nine years after the date of entry into force of this Agreement each duty and charge shall be reduced to 45 % of the basic duty,
— 10 years after the date of entry into force of this Agreement each duty and charge shall be reduced to 30 % of the basic duty,
— 11 years after the date of entry into force of this Agreement each duty and charge shall be reduced to 15 % of the basic duty,
— 12 years after the date of entry into force of this Agreement any remaining duty and charge shall be abolished.
4. Customs duties and charges having equivalent effect applicable on import into Egypt of the products originating in the Community listed in Annex V shall be gradually abolished in accordance with the following schedule:
— six years after the date of entry into force of this Agreement each duty and charge shall be reduced to 90 % of the basic duty,
— seven years after the date of entry into force of this Agreement each duty and charge shall be reduced to 80 % of the basic duty,
— eight years after the date of entry into force of this Agreement each duty and charge shall be reduced to 70 % of the basic duty,
— nine years after the date of entry into force of this Agreement each duty and charge shall be reduced to 60 % of the basic duty,
— 10 years after the date of entry into force of this Agreement each duty and charge shall be reduced to 50 % of the basic duty,
— 11 years after the date of entry into force of this Agreement each duty and charge shall be reduced to 40 % of the basic duty,
— 12 years after the date of entry into force of this Agreement each duty and charge shall be reduced to 30 % of the basic duty,
— 13 years after the date of entry into force of this Agreement each duty and charge shall be reduced to 20 % of the basic duty,
— 14 years after the date of entry into force of this Agreement each duty and charge shall be reduced to 10 % of the basic duty,
— 15 years after the date of entry into force of this Agreement any remaining duty and charge shall be abolished.
5. Customs duties and charges having equivalent effect applicable to imports into Egypt of products originating in the Community, other than those in Annexes II, III, IV and V shall be abolished in accordance with the relevant schedule on the basis of a decision of the Association Committee.
6. In the event of serious difficulties for a given product, the relevant timetables in accordance with paragraphs 1, 2, 3 and 4 may be reviewed by the Association Committee by common accord on the understanding that the schedule for which the review has been requested may not be extended in respect of the product concerned beyond the maximum transitional period. If the Association Committee has not taken a decision within 30 days of its application to review the timetable, Egypt may suspend the timetable provisionally for a period that may not exceed one year.
7. For each product concerned, the basic duty to be gradually reduced as provided for in paragraphs 1, 2, 3 and 4 shall be the rates referred to in Article 18.
Article 10 
The provisions concerning the abolition of customs duties on imports shall also apply to customs duties of a fiscal nature.
Article 11 

1. By way of derogation from the provisions of Article 9, Egypt may take exceptional measures of limited duration to increase or re-introduce customs duties.
2. Such measures may only apply to new and infant industries or to sectors undergoing restructuring or experiencing serious difficulties, particularly where those difficulties entail severe social problems.
3. Customs duties on import into Egypt of products originating in the Community that are introduced by such exceptional measures may not exceed 25 % ad valorem, and must retain a preferential margin for products originating in the Community. The total value of imports of the products subjected to such measures may not exceed 20 % of total imports of industrial products from the Community during the last year for which statistics are available.
4. Such measures shall be applied for no longer than five years, except where a longer duration is authorised by the Association Committee. They shall cease to apply at the latest on expiry of the maximum transitional period.
5. Such measures may not be introduced for a given product if more than three years have elapsed since the abolition of all duties, quantitative restrictions and charges and measures having equivalent effect on the product concerned.
6. Egypt shall inform the Association Committee of any exceptional measures it intends to adopt and, at the Community's request, consultations shall be held on the measures and sectors concerned before they are implemented. When adopting such measures, Egypt shall provide the Committee with a schedule for the abolition of the customs duties introduced pursuant to this Article. Such schedule shall provide for the phasing out of the duties concerned by equal annual instalments, starting no later than the end of the second year following their introduction. The Association Committee may decide on a different schedule.
7. By way of derogation from the provisions of paragraph 4, the Association Committee may exceptionally, in order to take into account the difficulties involved in setting up new industries, endorse the measures already taken by Egypt pursuant to paragraph 1 for a maximum period of four years beyond the 12 years transitional period.
CHAPTER 2
Agricultural, fisheries and processed agricultural products
Article 12 
The provisions of this Chapter shall apply to products originating in the Community and Egypt falling within Chapters 1 to 24 of the Combined Nomenclature and of the Egyptian Customs tariff and to the products listed in Annex I.
Article 13 
The Community and Egypt shall progressively establish a greater liberalisation of their trade in agricultural, fisheries and processed agricultural products of interest to both parties.
Article 14 

1. Agricultural products originating in Egypt listed in Protocol 1 on importation into the Community shall be subject to the arrangements set out in that Protocol.
2. Agricultural products originating in the Community listed in Protocol 2 on importation into Egypt shall be subject to the arrangements set out in that Protocol.
3. Trade for processed agricultural products falling under this chapter shall be subject to the arrangements set out in Protocol 3.
Article 15 

1. During the third year of implementation of the Agreement, the Community and Egypt shall examine the situation in order to determine the measures to be applied by the Community and Egypt from the beginning of the fourth year after the entry into force of the Agreement, in accordance with the objective set out in Article 13.
2. Without prejudice to the provisions of paragraph 1 and taking account of the volume of trade in agricultural, fisheries and processed agricultural products between them and of their particular sensitivity, the Community and Egypt shall examine in the Association Council, product by product and on an orderly and reciprocal basis, the possibility of granting each other further concessions.
Article 16 

1. In the event of specific rules being introduced as a result of the implementation of its agricultural policy or of any alteration of the current rules or in the event of any alteration or extension of the provisions relating to the implementation of its agricultural policy, the Party concerned may amend the arrangements resulting from the Agreement in respect of the products concerned.
2. In such cases, the Party concerned shall inform the Association Committee. At the request of the other Party, the Association Committee shall meet to take due account of the interests of the other Party.
3. If the Community or Egypt, in applying paragraph 1, modifies the arrangements made by this Agreement for agricultural products, they shall accord imports originating in the other Party an advantage comparable to that provided for in this Agreement.
4. The application of this Article should be the subject of consultations in the Association Council.
CHAPTER 3
Common provisions
Article 17 

1. No new quantitative restrictions on imports or any other restriction having equivalent effect shall be introduced in trade between the Community and Egypt.
2. Quantitative restrictions on imports and any other restriction having equivalent effect in trade between the Community and Egypt shall be abolished from the entry into force of this Agreement.
3. The Community and Egypt shall not apply to exports between themselves either customs duties or charges having equivalent effect, or quantitative restrictions or measures having equivalent effect.
Article 18 

1. The applicable rates for imports between the Parties shall be the WTO bound rate or lower applied rate enforced as of 1 January 1999. If, after 1 January 1999, a tariff reduction is applied on an erga omnes basis, the reduced rate shall apply.
2. No new customs duties on imports or exports, or charges having equivalent effect, shall be introduced, nor shall those already applied be increased, in trade between the Community and Egypt, unless this Agreement provides otherwise.
3. The Parties shall communicate to each other their respective applied rates on 1 January 1999.
Article 19 

1. Products originating in Egypt shall not, on importation into the Community, be accorded a treatment more favourable than that which the Member States apply among themselves.
2. Application of the provisions of this Agreement shall be without prejudice to the special provisions for the application of the Community law to the Canary Islands.
Article 20 

1. The Parties shall refrain from any measure or practice of an internal fiscal nature establishing, whether directly or indirectly, discrimination between the products of one Party and like products originating in the territory of the other Party.
2. Products exported to the territory of one of the Parties may not benefit from repayment of indirect internal taxation in excess of the amount of indirect taxation imposed on them either directly or indirectly.
Article 21 

1. This Agreement shall not preclude the maintenance or establishment of customs unions, free trade areas or arrangements for frontier trade, except in so far as they alter the trade arrangements provided for in this Agreement.
2. Consultation between the Parties shall take place within the Association Council concerning agreements establishing customs unions or free trade areas and, where requested, on other major issues related to their respective trade policy with third countries. In particular, in the event of a third country acceding to the Union, such consultation shall take place so as to ensure that account can be taken of the mutual interests of the Parties.
Article 22 
If one of the Parties finds that dumping is taking place in trade with the other Party within the meaning of the provisions of Article VI of the GATT 1994, it may take appropriate measures against this practice in accordance with the WTO Agreement on the Implementation of Article VI of the GATT 1994 and related internal legislation.
Article 23 
Without prejudice to Article 34, the WTO Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures shall apply between the Parties.
Until the necessary rules referred to in Article 34(2) are adopted, if either Party finds that subsidy is taking place in trade with the other party within the meanings of Articles VI and XVI of the GATT 1994, it may invoke appropriate measures against this practice in accordance with the WTO Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures and related internal legislation.
Article 24 

1. The provisions of the Article XIX GATT 1994 and the WTO Agreement on Safeguards shall apply between the Parties.
2. Before applying safeguard measures pursuant to the provisions of the Article XIX GATT 1994 and the WTO Agreement on Safeguards, the Party intending to apply such measures shall supply the Association Committee with all relevant information required for a thorough examination of the situation with a view to seeking a solution acceptable to the Parties.In order to find such a solution, the Parties shall immediately hold consultations within the Association Committee. If, as a result of the consultations, the Parties do not reach an agreement within 30 days of the initiation of the consultations on a solution to avoid the application of the safeguard measures, the Party intending to apply safeguard measures may apply the provisions of the Article XIX GATT 1994 and the WTO Agreement on Safeguards.
3. In the selection of safeguard measures pursuant to this Article, the Parties shall give priority to those which cause least disturbance to the achievement of the objectives of this Agreement.
4. Safeguard measures shall be notified immediately to the Association Committee and shall be the subject of periodic consultations within the Committee, particularly with a view to their abolition as soon as circumstances permit.
Article 25 

1. Where compliance with the provisions of Article 17(3) leads to:
((i)) re-export towards a third country against which the exporting Party maintains, for the product concerned, quantitative export restrictions, export duties, or measures having equivalent effect, or
((ii)) a serious shortage, or threat thereof, of a product essential to the exporting Party;and where the situations referred to above give rise, or are likely to give rise, to major difficulties for the exporting Party, that Party may take appropriate measures, according to the procedures laid down in paragraph 2.
2. The difficulties arising from the situations referred to in paragraph 1 shall be submitted for examination to the Association Committee. The Committee may take any decision needed to put an end to the difficulties. If it has not taken such a decision within 30 days of the matter being referred to it, the exporting Party may apply appropriate measures on the exportation of the product concerned. The measures shall be non-discriminatory and be eliminated when conditions no longer justify their maintenance.
Article 26 
Nothing in this Agreement shall preclude prohibitions or restrictions on imports, exports or goods in transit justified on grounds of public morality, public policy or public security, of the protection of health and life of humans, animals or plants, of the protection of national treasures possessing artistic, historic or archaeological value, of the protection of intellectual property or of regulations concerning gold and silver. Such prohibitions or restrictions shall not, however, constitute a means of arbitrary discrimination or a disguised restriction on trade between the Parties.
Article 27 
The concept of ‘originating products’ for the application of the provisions of this Title and the methods of administrative cooperation relating to them are set out in Protocol 4.
Article 28 
The Combined Nomenclature of goods shall be applied to the classification of goods for imports into the Community. The Egyptian customs tariff shall be applied to the classification of goods for imports into Egypt.
TITLE III
RIGHT OF ESTABLISHMENT AND SUPPLY OF SERVICES
Article 29 

1. The Parties reaffirm their respective commitments under the terms of the General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS) annexed to the Agreement establishing the WTO, and in particular the commitment to accord each other most-favoured-nation treatment in trade in service sectors covered by these commitments.
2. In accordance with the GATS, this treatment shall not apply to:
(a) advantages accorded by either Party under the provisions of an agreement as defined in Article V of the GATS or under measures adopted on the basis of such an agreement;
(b) other advantages accorded pursuant to the list of most-favoured-nation exemptions annexed by either Party to the GATS.
Article 30 

1. The Parties will consider extending the scope of the Agreement to include the right of establishment of companies of one Party in the territory of another Party and the liberalisation of the supply of services by companies of one Party to service consumers in another Party.
2. The Association Council shall make the necessary recommendations for the implementation of the objective set out in paragraph 1.When formulating these recommendations, the Association Council shall take into account the experience gained by the implementation of the MFN treatment granted to each other by the Parties in accordance with their respective obligations under the GATS, and in particular Article V thereof.
3. The objective set out in paragraph 1 of this Article shall be subject to a first examination by the Association Council at the latest five years after the entry into force of this Agreement.
TITLE IV
CAPITAL MOVEMENTS AND OTHER ECONOMIC MATTERS
CHAPTER 1
Payments and capital movements
Article 31 
Subject to the provisions of Article 33, the Parties undertake to authorise, in fully convertible currency, any payments to the current account.
Article 32 

1. The Community and Egypt will ensure, from the entry into force of the Agreement, the free circulation of capital for direct investments made in companies formed in accordance with the laws of the host country, and the liquidation or repatriation of these investments and of any profit stemming therefrom.
2. The Parties will hold consultations with a view to facilitating the movement of capital between the Community and Egypt and achieve its complete liberalisation as soon as conditions are met.
Article 33 
Where one or several Member States of the Community or Egypt face, or risk facing, serious difficulties concerning balance of payments, the Community or Egypt respectively may, in conformity with the conditions laid down within the framework of the GATT and Articles VIII and XIV of the Statutes of the International Monetary Fund, take restrictive measures with regard to current payments if such measures are strictly necessary. The Community or Egypt, as appropriate, shall inform the other Party immediately thereof and shall provide as soon as possible a timetable for the removal of such measures.
CHAPTER 2
Competition and other economic matters
Article 34 

1. The following are incompatible with the proper functioning of the Agreement, in so far as they may affect trade between the Community and Egypt:
((i)) all agreements between undertakings, decisions by associations of undertakings and concerted practices between undertakings which have as their object or effect the prevention, restriction or distortion of competition;
((ii)) abuse by one or more undertakings of a dominant position in the territories of the Community or Egypt as a whole or in a substantial part thereof;
((iii)) any public aid which distorts, or threatens to distort, competition by favouring certain undertakings or the production of certain goods.
2. The Association Council shall, within five years of the entry into force of the Agreement, adopt by decision the necessary rules for the implementation of paragraph 1.Until these rules are adopted, the provisions of Article 23 shall be applied as regards the implementation of paragraph 1(iii).
3. Each Party shall ensure transparency in the area of public aid, inter alia, by reporting annually to the other Party on the total amount and the distribution of the aid given and by providing, upon request, information on aid schemes. Upon request by one Party, the other Party shall provide information on particular individual cases of public aid.
4. With regard to agricultural products referred to in Title II, Chapter 2, paragraph 1(iii) does not apply. The WTO Agreement on Agriculture and the relevant provisions on WTO Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Duties shall apply with regard to these products.
5. If the Community or Egypt considers that a particular practice is incompatible with the terms of paragraph 1, and:
— is not adequately dealt with under the implementing rules referred to in paragraph 2, or
— in the absence of such rules, and if such practice causes, or threatens to cause, serious prejudice to the interest of the other Party or material injury to its domestic industry, including its services industry.It may take appropriate measures after consultation within the Association Committee or after 30 working days following referral for such consultation.With reference to practices incompatible with paragraph 1(iii), such appropriate measures, when the WTO rules are applicable to them, may only be adopted in accordance with the procedures and under the conditions laid down by the WTO or by any other relevant instrument negotiated under its auspices and applicable to the Parties.
6. Notwithstanding any provisions to the contrary adopted in conformity with paragraph 2, the Parties shall exchange information taking into account the limitations imposed by the requirements of professional and business secrecy.
Article 35 
The Member States and Egypt shall progressively adjust, without prejudice to their commitments to the GATT, any State monopolies of a commercial character, so as to ensure that, by the end of the fifth year following the entry into force of this Agreement, no discrimination regarding the conditions under which goods are procured and marketed exists between nationals of the Member States and Egypt. The Association Committee will be informed of the measures adopted to implement this objective.
Article 36 
With regard to public enterprises and enterprises to which special or exclusive rights have been granted, the Association Council shall ensure that, as from the fifth year following the date of entry into force of this Agreement, there is neither enacted nor maintained any measure distorting trade between the Community and Egypt contrary to the Parties' interests. This provision should not obstruct the performance in law or in fact of the particular tasks assigned to these enterprises.
Article 37 

1. Pursuant to the provisions of this Article and of Annex VI, the Parties shall grant and ensure adequate and effective protection of intellectual property rights in accordance with the prevailing international standards, including effective means of enforcing such rights.
2. The implementation of this Article and of Annex VI shall be regularly reviewed by the Parties. If problems in the area of intellectual property affecting trading conditions were to occur, urgent consultations shall be undertaken, at the request of either Party, with a view to reaching mutually satisfactory solutions.
Article 38 
The Parties agree on the objective of a progressive liberalisation of public procurement. The Association Council will hold consultations on the implementation of this objective.
TITLE V
ECONOMIC COOPERATION
Objectives
Article 39 

1. The Parties undertake to intensify economic cooperation in their mutual interest.
2. The aim of economic cooperation shall be to:
— encourage the implementation of the overall objectives of this Agreement,
— promote balanced economic relations between the Parties,
— support Egypt's own efforts to achieve sustainable economic and social development.
Scope
Article 40 

1. Cooperation shall focus primarily on sectors suffering from internal difficulties or affected by the overall process of liberalisation of the Egyptian economy, and in particular by the liberalisation of trade between Egypt and the Community.
2. Similarly, cooperation shall focus on areas likely to bring the economies of the Community and Egypt closer together, particularly those which will generate growth and employment.
3. Cooperation shall encourage the implementation of measures designed to develop intra-regional cooperation.
4. Conservation of the environment and ecological balance shall be taken into account in the implementation of the various sectors of economic cooperation to which it is relevant.
5. The Parties may agree to extend the economic cooperation to other sectors not covered by the provisions of this Title.
Methods and modalities
Article 41 
Economic cooperation shall be implemented in particular by:

((a)) a regular economic dialogue between the Parties, which covers all areas of macroeconomic policy;
((b)) regular exchange of information and ideas in every sector of cooperation including meetings of officials and experts;
((c)) transfer of advice, expertise and training;
((d)) implementation of joint actions such as seminars and workshops;
((e)) technical, administrative and regulatory assistance.
Education and training
Article 42 
The Parties shall cooperate with the objective of identifying and employing the most effective means to improve significantly education and vocational training, in particular with regard to public and private enterprises, trade-related services, public administrations and authorities, technical agencies, standardisation and certification bodies and other relevant organisations. In this context, the access of women to higher education and training will receive special attention.
Cooperation shall also encourage the establishment of links between specialised bodies in the Community and in Egypt and shall promote the exchange of information and experience and the pooling of technical resources.
Scientific and technological cooperation
Article 43 
Cooperation shall have the objective of:

((a)) encouraging the establishment of durable links between the scientific communities of the Parties, notably through:

— the access of Egypt to Community R & D programmes, in conformity with existing provisions concerning the participation of third countries,
— the participation of Egypt in networks of decentralised cooperation,
— the promotion of synergy between training and research;
((b)) strengthening research capacity in Egypt;
((c)) stimulating technological innovation, transfer of new technologies, and dissemination of know-how.
Environment
Article 44 

1. Cooperation shall aim at preventing deterioration of the environment, controlling pollution and ensuring the rational use of natural resources, with a view to ensuring sustainable development.
2. Cooperation shall focus, in particular, on:
— desertification,
— quality of Mediterranean water and the control and prevention of marine pollution,
— water resource management,
— energy management,
— waste management,
— salinisation,
— environmental management of sensitive coastal areas,
— the impact of industrial development and the safety of industrial plant in particular,
— the impact of agriculture on soil and water quality,
— environmental education and awareness.
Industrial cooperation
Article 45 
Cooperation shall promote and encourage in particular:

— the debate regarding industrial policy and competitiveness in an open economy,
— industrial cooperation between economic operators in the Community and in Egypt, including access for Egypt to the Community's networks for the rapprochement of businesses and to networks created in the context of decentralised cooperation,
— modernisation and restructuring of Egyptian industry,
— the establishment of an environment favourable to the development of private enterprise, in order to stimulate the growth and the diversification of industrial production,
— technology transfer, innovation and R & D,
— the enhancement of human resources,
— access to the capital market for the financing of productive investments.
Investments and promotion of investments
Article 46 
Cooperation shall aim at increasing the flow of capital, expertise and technology to Egypt through, inter alia:

— appropriate means of identifying investment opportunities and information channels on investment regulations,
— providing information on European investment regimes (such as technical assistance, direct financial support, fiscal incentives and investment insurance) related to outward investments and enhancing the possibility for Egypt to benefit from them,
— a legal environment conducive to investment between the two Parties, where appropriate through the conclusion by the Member States and Egypt of investment protection agreements, and agreements to prevent double taxation,
— examining the creation of joint ventures, especially for SMEs and, when appropriate, the conclusion of agreements between the Member States and Egypt,
— establishing mechanisms for encouraging and promoting investments.
Cooperation may extend to the planning and implementation of projects demonstrating the effective acquisition and use of basic technologies, the use of standards, the development of human resources and the creation of jobs locally.
Standardisation and conformity assessment
Article 47 
The Parties shall aim to reduce differences in standardisation and conformity assessment. Cooperation in this field shall focus in particular on:

((a)) rules in the field of standardisation, metrology, quality standards, and recognition of conformity, in particular as regards sanitary and phytosanitary standards for agricultural products and foodstuffs;
((b)) upgrading the level of Egyptian conformity assessment bodies, with a view to the establishment, in due time, of mutual recognition agreements in the area of conformity assessment;
((c)) developing structures for the protection of intellectual, industrial and commercial property rights, for standardisation and for setting quality standards.
Approximation of laws
Article 48 
The Parties shall use their best endeavours to approximate their respective laws in order to facilitate the implementation of this Agreement.
Financial services
Article 49 
The Parties shall cooperate with a view to the rapprochement of their standards and rules, in particular:

((a)) to encourage the strengthening and restructuring of the financial sector in Egypt;
((b)) to improve accounting and supervisory and regulatory systems of banking, insurance and other parts of the financial sector in Egypt.
Agriculture and fisheries
Article 50 
Cooperation shall be aimed at:

((a)) the modernisation and restructuring of agriculture and fisheries, including: the modernisation of infrastructures and of equipment; the development of packaging, storage and marketing techniques; the improvement of private distribution channels;
((b)) the diversification of production and of external outlets, inter alia, through the encouragement of joint ventures in the agri-business sector;
((c)) the promotion of cooperation in veterinary and phytosanitary matters and in growing techniques, with the objective of facilitating trade between the Parties. In this regard, the Parties shall exchange information.
Transport
Article 51 
Cooperation shall be aimed at:

— the restructuring and modernisation of road, port and airport infrastructures linked to the main trans-European lines of communication of common interest,
— the establishment and enforcement of operating standards comparable to those prevailing in the Community,
— the upgrading of technical equipment for road/rail transport, container traffic and transhipment,
— the improvement of management of airports, railways and air traffic control, including cooperation between the relevant national bodies,
— the improvement of navigation aids.
Information society and telecommunications
Article 52 
The Parties recognise that information and communication technologies constitute a key element of modern society, vital to economic and social development and a cornerstone of the emerging information society.
The cooperation activities between the Parties in this field shall aim at :

— a dialogue on issues related to the different aspects of the information society, including telecommunications policies,
— the exchanges of information and eventual technical assistance with regulatory matters, standardisation, conformity testing and certification in relation to information technologies and telecommunications,
— the diffusion of new information and communications technologies and the refinement of new applications in these fields,
— the implementation of joint projects for research, technical development or industrial applications in information technologies, communications, telematics and information society,
— the participation of Egyptian organisations in pilot projects and European programmes within the established frameworks,
— interconnection between networks and the interoperability of telematic services in the Community and Egypt.
Energy
Article 53 
The priority areas of cooperation shall be:

— the promotion of renewable energies,
— the promotion of energy-saving and energy efficiency,
— applied research into data bank networks in the economic and social sectors, linking Community and Egyptian operators in particular,
— support for the modernisation and development of energy networks and for their linking to European Community networks.
Tourism
Article 54 
Priorities for cooperation shall be:

— promoting investments in tourism,
— improving the knowledge of the tourist industry and ensuring greater consistency of policies affecting tourism,
— promoting a good seasonal spread of tourism,
— promoting cooperation between regions and cities of neighbouring countries,
— highlighting the importance of the cultural heritage for tourism,
— ensuring that the interaction between tourism and the environment is suitably maintained,
— making tourism more competitive through support for increased professionalism.
Customs
Article 55 

1. The Parties shall develop customs cooperation to ensure that the provisions on trade are observed. Cooperation will focus in particular on:
(a) the simplification of controls and procedures concerning the customs clearance of goods;
(b) the introduction of the single administrative document and a system to link up the Community's and Egypt's transit arrangements.
2. Without prejudice to other forms of cooperation envisaged in this Agreement, notably for the fight against drugs and money laundering, the Parties' administrations will provide mutual assistance in accordance with the provisions of Protocol 5.
Cooperation on statistics
Article 56 
The main objective of cooperation in this field shall be to harmonise methodology in order to create a reliable basis for handling statistics in all the fields that are covered by this Agreement and lend themselves to the establishment of statistics.
Money laundering
Article 57 

1. The Parties shall cooperate with a view in particular to preventing the use of their financial systems to launder the proceeds arising from criminal activities in general and drug trafficking in particular.
2. Cooperation in this field shall include, in particular, technical and administrative assistance aimed at establishing effective standards relating to the fight against money laundering in line with international standards.
Fight against drugs
Article 58 

(1) The Parties shall cooperate with a view in particular to:
— improving the effectiveness of policies and measures to counter the supply of, and illicit trafficking in, narcotic drugs and psycho-tropic substances and the reduction of the abuse of these products,
— encouraging a joint approach to reducing demand.
2. The Parties shall determine together, in accordance with their respective legislation, the strategies and cooperation methods appropriate for attaining these objectives. Their operations, other than joint operations, shall form the subject of consultations and close coordination.The relevant governmental and non-governmental sector bodies, in accordance with their own powers, working with the competent bodies of Egypt, the Community and its Member States, may take part in these operations.
3. Cooperation shall take the form of exchanges of information and, where appropriate, joint activities on:
— establishment or extension of social and health institutions and information centres for the treatment and rehabilitation of drug addicts,
— implementation of projects in the areas of prevention, training and epidemiological research,
— establishment of effective standards relating to the prevention of the diversion of precursors and other essential substances used for the illicit production of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, in line with international standards.
Fight against terrorism
Article 59 
In accordance with international conventions and with their respective national legislations, the Parties shall cooperate in this field and focus in particular on:

— exchange of information on means and methods used to counter terrorism,
— exchange of experiences in respect of terrorism prevention,
— joint research and studies in the area of terrorism prevention.
Regional cooperation
Article 60 
Regional cooperation shall focus on:

— development of economic infrastructures,
— scientific and technological research,
— intra-regional trade,
— customs matters,
— cultural matters,
— environmental issues.
Consumer protection
Article 61 
Cooperation in this field should be geared to making consumer protection schemes in the European Community and Egypt compatible and should, as far as possible, involve:

— increasing the compatibility of consumer legislation in order to avoid barriers to trade,
— establishment and development of systems of mutual information on dangerous food and industrial products and interconnecting them (rapid alert systems),
— exchanges of information and experts,
— organising training schemes and supplying technical assistance.
TITLE VI
CHAPTER 1
Dialogue and cooperation on social matters
Article 62 
The Parties reaffirm the importance they attach to the fair treatment of their workers legally residing and employed in the territory of the other Party. The Member States and Egypt, at the request of any of them, agree to initiate talks on reciprocal bilateral agreements related to the working conditions and social security rights of Egyptian and Member State workers legally resident and employed in their respective territory.
Article 63 

1. The Parties shall conduct regular dialogue on social matters which are of interest to them.
2. This dialogue shall be used to find ways to achieve progress in the field of movement of workers and equal treatment and social integration of Egyptian and Community nationals legally residing in the territories of their host countries.
3. The dialogue shall notably cover all issues related to:
(a) migrant communities' living and working conditions;
(b) migration;
(c) illegal migration;
(d) actions to encourage equal treatment between Egyptian and Community nationals, mutual knowledge of cultures and civilizations, the furthering of tolerance and the removal of discrimination.
Article 64 
Dialogue on social matters shall be conducted in accordance with the same procedures as those provided for in Title I of this Agreement.
Article 65 
With a view to consolidating cooperation between the Parties in the social field, projects and programmes shall be carried out in any area of interest to them.
Priority will be given to:

((a)) reducing migratory pressures, notably by improving living conditions, creating jobs, and income generating activities and developing training in areas from which emigrants come;
((b)) promoting the role of women in economic and social development;
((c)) bolstering and developing Egyptian family planning and mother and child protection programmes;
((d)) improving the social protection system;
((e)) improving the health care system;
((f)) improving living conditions in poor areas;
((g)) implementing and financing exchange and leisure programmes for mixed groups of Egyptian and European young people residing in the Member States, with a view to promoting mutual knowledge of their respective cultures and fostering tolerance.
Article 66 
Cooperation schemes may be carried out in cooperation with the Member States and the relevant international organisations.
Article 67 
A working group shall be set up by the Association Council by the end of the first year following the entry into force of this Agreement. It shall be responsible for the continuous and regular evaluation of the implementation of Chapters 1 to 3.
CHAPTER 2
Cooperation for the prevention and control of illegal immigration and other consular issues
Article 68 
The Parties agree to cooperate in order to prevent and control illegal immigration. To this end:

— each of the Member States agrees to readmit any of its nationals illegally present on the territory of Egypt, upon request by the latter and without further formalities once such persons have been positively identified as such,
— Egypt agrees to readmit any of its nationals illegally present on the territory of a Member State, upon request by the latter and without further formalities once such persons have been positively identified as such.
The Member States and Egypt will also provide their nationals with appropriate identity documents for such purposes.
In respect of the Member States of the European Union, the obligations in this Article shall apply only in respect of those persons who are to be considered their nationals for Community purposes.
In respect of Egypt, the obligation in this Article shall apply only in respect of those persons who are considered nationals of Egypt in accordance to the Egyptian legal system and all the relevant laws concerning citizenship.
Article 69 
After the entry into force of the Agreement, the Parties, at the request of any of them, shall negotiate and conclude bilateral agreements with each other, regulating specific obligations for the readmission of their nationals. These agreements shall also cover, if deemed necessary by any of the Parties, arrangements for the readmission of third country nationals. Such agreements will lay down the details about the categories of persons covered by these arrangements as well as the modalities of their readmission.
Adequate financial and technical assistance to implement these agreements will be provided to Egypt.
Article 70 
The Association Council shall examine what other joint efforts can be made to prevent and control illegal immigration as well as deal with other consular issues.
CHAPTER 3
Cooperation in cultural matters, audiovisual media and information
Article 71 

1. The Parties agree to promote cultural cooperation in fields of mutual interest and in a spirit of respect for each other's cultures. They shall establish a sustainable cultural dialogue. This cooperation shall promote in particular:
— conservation and restoration of historic and cultural heritage (such as monuments, sites, artefacts, rare books and manuscripts),
— exchange of art exhibitions, troupes of performing arts, artists, men of letters, intellectuals and cultural events,
— translations,
— training of persons working in the cultural field.
2. Cooperation in the field of audiovisual media shall seek to encourage cooperation in such areas as co-production and training. The Parties shall seek ways to encourage Egyptian participation in Community initiatives in this sector.
3. The Parties agree that existing cultural programmes of the Community and of one or more of the Member States and further activities of interest to both sides can be extended to Egypt.
4. The Parties shall, in addition, work to promote cultural cooperation of a commercial nature, particularly through joint projects (production, investment and marketing), training and exchange of information.
5. The Parties shall, in identifying cooperation projects, programmes and joint activities, give special attention to young people, self-expression, heritage conservation issues, the dissemination of culture, and communication skills using written and audiovisual media.
6. Cooperation shall be implemented in particular through:
— a regular dialogue between the Parties,
— regular exchange of information and ideas in every sector of cooperation including meetings of officials and experts,
— transfer of advice, expertise and training,
— implementation of joint actions such as seminars and workshops,
— technical, administrative and regulatory assistance,
— dissemination of information on cooperation initiatives.
TITLE VII
FINANCIAL COOPERATION
Article 72 
In order to achieve the objectives of this Agreement, a financial cooperation package shall be made available to Egypt in accordance with the appropriate procedures and the financial resources required.
Financial cooperation shall focus on:

— promoting reforms designed to modernise the economy,
— upgrading economic infrastructure,
— promoting private investment and job-creating activities,
— responding to the economic repercussions for Egypt of the gradual introduction of a free trade area, notably by upgrading and restructuring industry and enhancing Egypt's export capacity,
— accompanying measures for policies implemented in the social sector,
— promoting Egypt's capacity and capabilities in the field of the protection of intellectual property rights,
— where appropriate, supplementary measures for the implementation of bilateral agreements to prevent and control illegal immigration,
— accompanying measures for the establishment and implementation of competition legislation.
Article 73 
In order to ensure that a coordinated approach is adopted to any exceptional macro-economic and financial problems that might arise as a result of the implementation of this Agreement, the Parties shall use the regular economic dialogue provided for in Title V to give particular attention to monitoring trade and financial trends in relations between the Community and Egypt.
TITLE VIII
INSTITUTIONAL, GENERAL AND FINAL PROVISIONS
Article 74 
An Association Council is hereby established which shall meet at ministerial level once a year and when circumstances require, at the initiative of its President and in accordance with the conditions laid down in its rules of procedure.
It shall examine any major issues arising within the framework of this Agreement and any other bilateral or international issues of mutual interest.
Article 75 

1. The Association Council shall consist of the members of the Council of the European Union and of the Commission of the European Communities, on the one hand, and members of the Government of Egypt, on the other.
2. Members of the Association Council may arrange to be represented in accordance with the provisions laid down in its rules of procedure.
3. The Association Council shall establish its rules of procedure.
4. The Association Council shall be presided in turn by a member of the Council of the European Union and a member of the Government of Egypt, in accordance with the provisions laid down in its rules of procedure.
Article 76 
The Association Council shall, for the purpose of attaining the objectives of the Agreement, have the power to take decisions in the cases provided for therein.
The decisions taken shall be binding on the Parties, which shall take the measures necessary to implement them. The Association Council may also make appropriate recommendations.
The Association Council shall draw up its decisions and recommendations by agreement between the two Parties.
Article 77 

1. Subject to the powers of the Association Council, an Association Committee is hereby established which shall be responsible for the implementation of the Agreement.
2. The Association Council may delegate to the Association Committee, in full or in part, any of its powers.
Article 78 

1. The Association Committee, which shall meet at official level, shall consist of representatives of members of the Council of the European Union and of the Commission of the European Communities, on the one hand, and of representatives of the Government of Egypt, on the other.
2. The Association Committee shall establish its rules of procedure.
3. The Association Committee shall be presided in turn by a representative of the Presidency of the Council of the European Union and by a representative of the Government of Egypt.
Article 79 

1. The Association Committee shall have the power to take decisions for the management of the Agreement as well as in the areas in which the Association Council has delegated its powers to it.
2. The Association Committee shall draw up its decisions by agreement between the two Parties. These decisions shall be binding on the Parties which shall take the measures necessary to implement the decisions taken.
Article 80 
The Association Council may decide to set up any working group or body necessary for the implementation of the Agreement. It shall define the terms of reference of any such working group or body that shall be subordinate to it.
Article 81 
The Association Council shall take all appropriate measures to facilitate cooperation and contacts between the European Parliament and the Egyptian People's Assembly.
Article 82 

1. Each of the Parties may refer to the Association Council any dispute relating to the application or interpretation of this Agreement.
2. The Association Council may settle the dispute by means of a decision.
3. Each Party shall be bound to take the measures involved in carrying out the decision referred to in paragraph 2.
4. In the event of it not being possible to settle the dispute in accordance with paragraph 2, either Party may notify the other of the appointment of an arbitrator; the other Party must then appoint a second arbitrator within two months. For the application of this procedure, the Community and the Member States shall be deemed to be one party to the dispute.The Association Council shall appoint a third arbitrator.The arbitrators' decisions shall be taken by majority vote.Each party to the dispute must take the steps required to implement the decision of the arbitrators.
Article 83 
Nothing in this Agreement shall prevent a Party from taking any measures:

((a)) which it considers necessary to prevent the disclosure of information contrary to its essential security interests;
((b)) which relate to the production of, or trade in, arms, munitions or war materials or to research, development or production indispensable for defence purposes, provided that such measures do not impair the conditions of competition in respect of products not intended for specifically military purposes;
((c)) which it considers essential to its own security in the event of serious internal disturbances affecting the maintenance of law and order, in time of war or serious international tension constituting threat of war or in order to carry out obligations it has accepted for the purpose of maintaining peace and international security.
Article 84 
In the fields covered by this Agreement and without prejudice to any special provisions contained therein:

— the arrangements applied by Egypt in respect of the Community shall not give rise to any discrimination between the Member States, their nationals or their companies or firms,
— the arrangements applied by the Community in respect of Egypt shall not give rise to discrimination between Egyptian nationals or its companies or firms.
Article 85 
As regards direct taxation, nothing in this Agreement shall have the effect of:

— extending the fiscal advantages granted by either Party in any international agreement or arrangement by which it is bound,
— preventing the adoption or application by either Party of any measure aimed at preventing the avoidance or evasion of taxes,
— opposing the right of either Party to apply the relevant provisions of its tax legislation to taxpayers who are not in identical situation, in particular as regards their place of residence.
Article 86 

1. The Parties shall take any general or specific measures required to fulfil their obligations under this Agreement. They shall see to it that the objectives set out in this Agreement are attained.
2. If either Party considers that the other Party has failed to fulfil an obligation under this Agreement, it may take appropriate measures. Before so doing, except in cases of a material breach of this Agreement by the other Party, it shall supply the Association Council with all relevant information required for a thorough examination of the situation with a view to seeking a solution acceptable to the Parties.A material breach of this Agreement shall consist of the repudiation of this Agreement not sanctioned by the general rules of international law or a grave violation of an essential element of this Agreement, creating an environment not conducive for consultations or where a delay would be detrimental to the objectives of this Agreement.
3. In the selection of the appropriate measures referred to in paragraph 2, priority must be given to those which least disturb the functioning of this Agreement. The Parties also agree that these measures shall be taken in accordance with international law and shall be proportional to the violation.The measures shall be notified immediately to the Association Council and shall be the subject of consultations within the Association Council if the other Party so requests. If one Party takes a measure as a result of a material breach of this Agreement referred to in paragraph 2, the other Party may invoke the dispute settlement procedure.
Article 87 
Protocols 1 to 5 and Annexes I to VI shall form an integral part of this Agreement.
Article 88 
For the purpose of this Agreement the term ‘Parties’ shall mean Egypt on the one hand and the Community, or the Member States, or the Community and the Member States, in accordance with their respective powers, on the other hand.
Article 89 
This Agreement is concluded for an unlimited period.
Each of the Parties may denounce this Agreement by notifying the other Party. This Agreement shall cease to apply six months after the date of such notification.
Article 90 
This Agreement shall apply, on the one hand, to the territories in which the Treaties establishing the European Community, and the European Coal and Steel Community are applied and under the conditions laid down in those Treaties and, on the other hand, to the territory of Egypt.
Article 91 
This Agreement shall be drawn up in duplicate in the Arabic, Danish, Dutch, English, Finnish, French, German, Greek, Italian, Portuguese, Spanish, and Swedish languages, each of these texts being equally authentic.
Article 92 

1. This Agreement will be approved by the Parties in accordance with their own procedures.This Agreement shall enter into force on the first day of the second month following the date on which the Parties notify each other that the procedures referred to in the first subparagraph have been completed.
2. Upon its entry into force, this Agreement shall replace the Agreement between the European Economic Community and Egypt, and the Agreement between the European Coal and Steel Community and Egypt, signed in Brussels on 18 January 1977.
Hecho en Luxemburgo, el veinticinco de junio de dos mil uno.Udfærdiget i Luxembourg den femogtyvende juni to tusind og et.Geschehen zu Luxemburg am fünfundzwanzigsten Juni zweitausendundeins.Έγινε στο Λουξεμβούργο, στις είκοσι πέντε Ιουνίου δύο χιλιάδες ένα.Done at Luxembourg on the twenty-fifth day of June in the year two thousand and one.Fait à Luxembourg, le vingt-cinq juin deux mille un.Fatto a Lussemburgo, addì venticinque giugno duemilauno.Gedaan te Luxemburg, de vĳfentwintigste juni tweeduizendeneen.Feito no Luxemburgo, em vinte e cinco de Junho de dois mil e um.Tehty Luxemburgissa kahdentenakymmenentenäviidentenä päivänä kesäkuuta vuonna kaksituhattayksi.Som skedde i Luxemburg den tjugofemte juni tjugohundraett.
Pour le Royaume de Belgique
Voor het Koninkrĳk België
Für das Königreich Belgien

Cette signature engage également la Communauté française, la Communauté flamande, la Communauté germanophone, la Région wallonne, la Région flamande et la Région de Bruxelles-Capitale.
Deze handtekening verbindt eveneens de Vlaamse Gemeenschap, de Franse Gemeenschap, de Duitstalige Gemeenschap, het Vlaams Gewest, het Waals Gewest en het Brussels Hoofdstedelijk Gewest.
Diese Unterschrift bindet zugleich die Deutschsprachige Gemeinschaft, die Flämische Gemeinschaft, die Französische Gemeinschaft, die Wallonische Region, die Flämische Region und die Region Brüssel-Hauptstadt.
På Kongeriget Danmarks vegne

Für die Bundesrepublik Deutschland

Για την Ελληνική Δημοκρατία

Por el Reino de España

Pour la République française

Thar cheann Na hÉireann
For Ireland

Per la Repubblica italiana

Pour le Grand-Duché de Luxembourg

Voor het Koninkrĳk der Nederlanden

Für die Republik Österreich

Pela República Portuguesa

Suomen tasavallan puolesta

För Konungariket Sverige

For the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

Por las Comunidades Europeas
For De Europæiske Fællesskaber
Für die Europäischen Gemeinschaften
Για τις Ευρωπαïκές Κοινότητες
For the European Communities
Pour les Communautés européennes
Per le Comunità europee
Voor de Europese Gemeenschappen
Pelas Comunidades Europeias
Euroopan yhteisöjen puolesta
På Europeiska gemenskapernas vägnar


ANNEX I



List of agricultural and processed agricultural products falling within chapters 25 to 97 of the Harmonised System referred to in Articles 7 and 12HS code 2905 43 (mannitol)
HS code 2905 44 (sorbitol)
HS code 2905 45 (glycerol)
HS heading 3301 (essential oils)
HS code 3302 10 (odoriferous substances)
HS headings 3501 to 3505 (albuminoidal substances, modifies starches, glues)
HS code 3809 10 (finishing agents)
HS heading 3823 (industrial fatty acids, acid from oil refining, industrial fatty alcohols).
HS code 3824 60 (sorbitol n.e.p.)
HS headings 4101 to 4103 (hides and skins)
HS heading 4301 (raw fur skins)
HS headings 5001 to 5003 (raw silk and silk waste)
HS headings 5101 to 5103 (wool and animal hair)
HS headings 5201 to 5203 (raw cotton, waste and cotton carded or combed)
HS heading 5301 (raw flax)
HS heading 5302 (raw hemp)

ANNEX II
Lists of industrial products originating in the Community to which are applicable, on importation into Egypt, the schedules for tariff dismantling referred to in Article 9(1)


 2501001
 2502000
 2503100
 2503900
 2504100
 2504900
 2505109
 2505909
 2506100
 2506210
 2506290
 2507000
 2508100
 2508200
 2508300
 2508400
 2508500
 2508600
 2508700
 2509000
 2511100
 2511200
 2512000
 2513110
 2513190
 2513210
 2513290
 2514000
 2517100
 2517200
 2517300
 2517411
 2517491
 2518100
 2518200
 2518300
 2519100
 2519900
 2520201
 2521000
 2522100
 2522200
 2522300
 2524000
 2525100
 2525200
 2525300
 2526201
 2527000
 2528100
 2528900
 2529100
 2529210
 2529220
 2529300
 2530100
 2530200
 2530400
 2530909
 2601110
 2601120
 2601200
 2602000
 2603000
 2604000
 2605000
 2606000
 2607000
 2608000
 2609000
 2610000
 2611000
 2612100
 2612200
 2613100
 2613900
 2614000
 2615100
 2615900
 2616100
 2616900
 2617100
 2617900
 2618000
 2619000
 2620110
 2620190
 2620200
 2620300
 2620400
 2620500
 2620900
 2621000
 2701110
 2701120
 2701190
 2701200
 2702100
 2702200
 2703000
 2709000
 2710001
 2710002
 2711110
 2711120
 2711139
 2711140
 2711190
 2711210
 2711290
 2712100
 2712200
 2712900
 2713110
 2713120
 2713200
 2713900
 2714100
 2714900
 2715000
 2716000
 2801200
 2801300
 2802000
 2804210
 2804290
 2804500
 2804610
 2804690
 2804700
 2804800
 2804900
 2805110
 2805190
 2805210
 2805220
 2805300
 2805400
 2809100
 2809201
 2810001
 2812100
 2812900
 2813100
 2813900
 2814100
 2814200
 2815200
 2815300
 2816100
 2816200
 2816300
 2817000
 2818100
 2818200
 2818300
 2819100
 2819900
 2820100
 2820900
 2821100
 2821200
 2822000
 2823000
 2825101
 2825109
 2825200
 2825300
 2825400
 2825500
 2825600
 2825700
 2825800
 2825900
 2826110
 2826120
 2826190
 2826200
 2826300
 2826900
 2827100
 2827200
 2827310
 2827320
 2827330
 2827340
 2827350
 2827360
 2827370
 2827380
 2827390
 2827410
 2827490
 2827510
 2827590
 2827600
 2828909
 2829110
 2829199
 2829900
 2830100
 2830200
 2830300
 2830900
 2831100
 2831900
 2832100
 2832200
 2832300
 2833210
 2833220
 2833230
 2833240
 2833250
 2833260
 2833270
 2833290
 2833300
 2833400
 2834100
 2834210
 2834220
 2834290
 2835000
 2835210
 2835220
 2835230
 2835240
 2835250
 2835260
 2835290
 2835310
 2835390
 2836100
 2836201
 2836301
 2836401
 2836409
 2836500
 2836600
 2836700
 2836910
 2836920
 2836930
 2836990
 2837110
 2837190
 2837200
 2838000
 2839000
 2839190
 2839200
 2839900
 2840110
 2840190
 2840200
 2840300
 2841100
 2841200
 2841300
 2841400
 2841500
 2841600
 2841700
 2841800
 2841900
 2842100
 2842900
 2843100
 2843210
 2843290
 2843300
 2843900
 2844101
 2844109
 2844200
 2844300
 2844400
 2844500
 2845100
 2845900
 2846100
 2846900
 2847000
 2848100
 2848900
 2849100
 2849200
 2849900
 2850000
 2851000
 2901109
 2901210
 2901220
 2901230
 2901240
 2901290
 2901299
 2902110
 2902190
 2902300
 2902410
 2902420
 2902430
 2902440
 2902500
 2902600
 2902700
 2902900
 2902909
 2903110
 2903120
 2903130
 2903140
 2903150
 2903160
 2903190
 2903210
 2903220
 2903230
 2903290
 2903300
 2903400
 2903510
 2903590
 2903610
 2903620
 2903690
 2904100
 2904200
 2904201
 2904209
 2904900
 2905110
 2905120
 2905130
 2905140
 2905150
 2905160
 2905170
 2905190
 2905210
 2905220
 2905290
 2905310
 2905320
 2905390
 2905410
 2905420
 2905490
 2905500
 2906110
 2906120
 2906130
 2906140
 2906190
 2906210
 2906290
 2907110
 2907120
 2907130
 2907140
 2907150
 2907190
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 9026800
 9026900
 9027100
 9027200
 9027300
 9027400
 9027500
 9027800
 9027900
 9028100
 9028309
 9028900
 9029100
 9029200
 9029900
 9030100
 9030200
 9030310
 9030390
 9030400
 9030810
 9030890
 9030900
 9031100
 9031200
 9031300
 9031400
 9031800
 9031900
 9032100
 9032200
 9032810
 9032890
 9032900
 9033000
 9106100
 9106200
 9106900
 9107000
 9108110
 9108120
 9108190
 9108200
 9108910
 9108990
 9110110
 9110120
 9110190
 9110900
 9114100
 9114200
 9114300
 9114400
 9114900
 9405101
 9405501
 9501000
 9502091
 9502109
 9502910
 9502990
 9503100
 9503200
 9503300
 9503410
 9503490
 9503500
 9503600
 9503700
 9503800
 9503900
 9504100
 9506110
 9506120
 9506190
 9506210
 9506290
 9506310
 9506320
 9506390
 9506510
 9506590
 9506610
 9506620
 9506690
 9506700
 9506910
 9506990
 9507100
 9507200
 9507300
 9507900
 9508000
 9603500
 9607200
 9608601
 9618000
 9705000

ANNEX III
Lists of industrial products originating in the Community to which are applicable, on importation into Egypt, the schedules for tariff dismantling referred to in Article 9(2)


 2501009
 2505101
 2505901
 2510100
 2510200
 2517419
 2517499
 2520100
 2520209
 2520900
 2523291
 2526100
 2526209
 2530300
 2705000
 2707100
 2707200
 2707500
 2707600
 2707910
 2707990
 2708100
 2708200
 2710003
 2710009
 2711131
 2803000
 2804100
 2804300
 2804400
 2806100
 2806200
 2809209
 2810009
 2811110
 2811190
 2811210
 2811220
 2811230
 2811290
 2815110
 2815120
 2824100
 2824200
 2824901
 2824909
 2828101
 2828102
 2828901
 2829191
 2833110
 2833190
 2836209
 2836309
 2901101
 2901291
 2902200
 2902901
 2912600
 3005101
 3005109
 3005901
 3005909
 3006101
 3006500
 3204110
 3204121
 3204129
 3204130
 3204141
 3204149
 3204150
 3204160
 3204170
 3204191
 3204199
 3204200
 3204900
 3206100
 3206200
 3206300
 3206410
 3206420
 3206430
 3206490
 3206500
 3207201
 3207209
 3207300
 3207400
 3208101
 3208201
 3208901
 3209101
 3209901
 3210001
 3210003
 3210004
 3211009
 3212901
 3212902
 3213100
 3213900
 3214109
 3215110
 3215191
 3215199
 3215900
 3401111
 3401201
 3402111
 3402121
 3402131
 3402191
 3402901
 3402909
 3403111
 3403191
 3403911
 3403991
 3404901
 3407009
 3506100
 3506910
 3506990
 3601000
 3602000
 3603000
 3604901
 3604909
 3606100
 3606900
 3701200
 3701301
 3701309
 3701910
 3701991
 3701999
 3702200
 3702310
 3702320
 3702390
 3702410
 3702420
 3702430
 3702440
 3702519
 3702529
 3702530
 3702540
 3702559
 3702569
 3702919
 3702929
 3702930
 3702949
 3702959
 3703109
 3703209
 3703909
 3704000
 3705100
 3705200
 3705900
 3706101
 3706901
 3707100
 3707900
 3801111
 3808101
 3808109
 3808201
 3808209
 3808301
 3808309
 3808401
 3808409
 3808901
 3808909
 3811110
 3811191
 3811211
 3811291
 3811901
 3904109
 3904210
 3904220
 3909401
 3916100
 3916200
 3916900
 3917211
 3917221
 3917231
 3917291
 3917311
 3917321
 3917391
 3919900
 3919901
 3919909
 3920109
 3920200
 3920300
 3920410
 3920420
 3920510
 3920590
 3920610
 3920620
 3920630
 3920690
 3920710
 3920720
 3920730
 3920790
 3920910
 3920920
 3920930
 3920940
 3920990
 3921110
 3921120
 3921130
 3921140
 3921190
 3921909
 3923101
 3923211
 3923302
 3926101
 3926102
 3926201
 3926901
 3926902
 3926904
 3926905
 3926906
 3926908
 4001292
 4001302
 4002199
 4002209
 4002319
 4002399
 4002499
 4002599
 4002609
 4002709
 4002809
 4002999
 4005100
 4005200
 4005910
 4005990
 4006100
 4006900
 4007000
 4008110
 4008190
 4008210
 4008290
 4009100
 4009200
 4009300
 4009400
 4009500
 4010100
 4010919
 4010999
 4011100
 4011200
 4011300
 4011400
 4011500
 4011910
 4011990
 4012100
 4012200
 4012900
 4013100
 4013200
 4013900
 4014900
 4016109
 4016910
 4016929
 4016930
 4016940
 4016950
 4016994
 4016999
 4017002
 4017009
 4103200
 4104109
 4104210
 4104220
 4104299
 4104310
 4104390
 4105110
 4105120
 4105199
 4105200
 4106110
 4106120
 4106199
 4106200
 4107101
 4107211
 4107291
 4107901
 4111000
 4203101
 4203210
 4203291
 4203301
 4203401
 4204000
 4206109
 4206900
 4405000
 4408109
 4408209
 4408909
 4409109
 4409209
 4411110
 4411210
 4411310
 4411910
 4502000
 4503900
 4504100
 4504900
 4802101
 4802109
 4802200
 4802300
 4802400
 4802511
 4802519
 4802521
 4802529
 4802531
 4802539
 4802601
 4802609
 4803001
 4804110
 4804190
 4804210
 4804290
 4804310
 4804390
 4804410
 4804420
 4804490
 4804510
 4804520
 4804590
 4805100
 4805210
 4805220
 4805230
 4805290
 4805300
 4805400
 4805500
 4805600
 4805700
 4805800
 4806100
 4806200
 4806300
 4806400
 4807100
 4807910
 4807990
 4808100
 4808200
 4808300
 4808900
 4809100
 4809200
 4809300
 4809900
 4810110
 4810120
 4810210
 4810290
 4810310
 4810320
 4810390
 4810910
 4810999
 4811100
 4811210
 4811290
 4811319
 4811399
 4811400
 4811901
 4811909
 4813100
 4813200
 4813901
 4813909
 4816100
 4816200
 4816300
 4816900
 4823300
 4823400
 4823701
 4823902
 4907003
 4907004
 4908100
 4908900
 4910001
 4911101
 4911991
 4911992
 5004009
 5005000
 5006001
 5006009
 5105109
 5105210
 5105299
 5105300
 5105400
 5106100
 5106200
 5107100
 5107200
 5108100
 5108200
 5110009
 5113001
 5204110
 5204190
 5204200
 5205110
 5205120
 5205130
 5205140
 5205150
 5205210
 5205220
 5205230
 5205240
 5205250
 5205310
 5205320
 5205330
 5205340
 5205350
 5205410
 5205420
 5205430
 5205440
 5205450
 5206110
 5206120
 5206130
 5206150
 5206210
 5206220
 5206230
 5206240
 5206250
 5206310
 5206320
 5206330
 5206340
 5206350
 5206410
 5206420
 5206430
 5206440
 5206450
 5207100
 5207900
 5305990
 5306100
 5306209
 5307100
 5307200
 5308100
 5308200
 5308300
 5308901
 5308909
 5309101
 5310901
 5311009
 5401109
 5401209
 5402100
 5402200
 5402310
 5402320
 5402330
 5402390
 5402411
 5402412
 5402420
 5402430
 5402491
 5402492
 5402510
 5402520
 5402590
 5402610
 5402620
 5402690
 5403100
 5403200
 5403311
 5403312
 5403320
 5403331
 5403332
 5403391
 5403392
 5403410
 5403420
 5403490
 5404101
 5404109
 5404900
 5405001
 5405009
 5407102
 5508109
 5508209
 5509110
 5509120
 5509210
 5509220
 5509310
 5509320
 5509410
 5509420
 5509510
 5509520
 5509530
 5509590
 5509610
 5509620
 5509690
 5509910
 5509920
 5509990
 5510110
 5510120
 5510200
 5510300
 5510900
 5601100
 5601210
 5601220
 5601290
 5601300
 5602109
 5603000
 5604100
 5604200
 5604900
 5605000
 5806101
 5806103
 5806401
 5806403
 5807100
 5807200
 5807900
 5901901
 5903101
 5903201
 5903901
 5907001
 5910000
 5911100
 5911200
 5911310
 5911320
 5911400
 5911900
 6115911
 6115921
 6115931
 6115991
 6307200
 6307901
 6307902
 6310101
 6310109
 6310900
 6310909
 6406101
 6801000
 6802101
 6802102
 6803000
 6804100
 6804211
 6804219
 6804221
 6804229
 6804231
 6804239
 6804300
 6805300
 6806100
 6806200
 6806900
 6807100
 6807900
 6808000
 6809901
 6811100
 6811200
 6812100
 6812300
 6812500
 6812600
 6812909
 6814100
 6814900
 6815100
 6815209
 6815910
 6815990
 6901000
 6902100
 6902200
 6902901
 6902902
 6902909
 6903100
 6903200
 6903900
 6909110
 6909190
 6909191
 6909900
 7002200
 7002319
 7002399
 7003191
 7003192
 7003200
 7004901
 7004902
 7005101
 7005102
 7005291
 7005292
 7005300
 7006001
 7010100
 7010902
 7010903
 7010904
 7012000
 7014001
 7015100
 7015901
 7015909
 7016909
 7019100
 7019200
 7019310
 7019320
 7019399
 7019900
 7020001
 7020009
 7101100
 7101210
 7102200
 7102390
 7103100
 7103910
 7103990
 7104100
 7104900
 7106100
 7106922
 7106929
 7107001
 7107009
 7107220
 7108110
 7108132
 7108139
 7109001
 7109009
 7109240
 7110112
 7110192
 7110199
 7110212
 7110292
 7110299
 7110312
 7110392
 7110399
 7110492
 7110499
 7111001
 7111002
 7111100
 7115100
 7115901
 7116101
 7116201
 7202110
 7202190
 7202210
 7202290
 7202300
 7206909
 7208110
 7209140
 7209210
 7209340
 7209440
 7210119
 7210129
 7210902
 7212109
 7304100
 7304200
 7304319
 7304399
 7304419
 7304499
 7304519
 7304599
 7304909
 7307210
 7307220
 7307230
 7307290
 7307910
 7307920
 7307930
 7307990
 7310292
 7316000
 7407109
 7407219
 7407229
 7407299
 7408110
 7408190
 7408210
 7408220
 7408290
 7409110
 7409190
 7409210
 7409290
 7409310
 7409390
 7409400
 7409900
 7410110
 7410120
 7410219
 7410229
 7411100
 7411210
 7411220
 7411290
 7412100
 7412200
 7413000
 7414100
 7414900
 7415100
 7415210
 7415290
 7415310
 7415320
 7415390
 7416000
 7419992
 7504000
 7505110
 7505120
 7505210
 7505220
 7506100
 7506200
 7507110
 7507120
 7507200
 7601100
 7601200
 7602000
 7603100
 7603200
 7604109
 7604290
 7605110
 7605190
 7605210
 7605290
 7606119
 7606129
 7606919
 7606929
 7607119
 7607199
 7607209
 7612909
 7616902
 7803000
 7804110
 7804190
 7804200
 7805000
 7806000
 7903100
 7903900
 7904000
 7905000
 7906000
 7907100
 7907900
 8003000
 8004000
 8005100
 8005200
 8006000
 8205100
 8205200
 8205300
 8205400
 8205510
 8205590
 8205700
 8205800
 8205900
 8211940
 8212101
 8212109
 8212201
 8212202
 8212203
 8212900
 8213000
 8214100
 8214901
 8214902
 8214903
 8214909
 8301100
 8301200
 8301300
 8301409
 8301500
 8301600
 8301700
 8302100
 8302200
 8302300
 8302410
 8302420
 8302490
 8302500
 8302600
 8305100
 8305200
 8305900
 8306100
 8307100
 8307900
 8308100
 8308200
 8308909
 8309901
 8311109
 8311209
 8311309
 8311909
 8407339
 8407349
 8407900
 8408102
 8408103
 8408202
 8408203
 8408902
 8408903
 8409919
 8409999
 8413110
 8413190
 8413300
 8413830
 8413911
 8413913
 8414301
 8415901
 8418502
 8418619
 8418691
 8418699
 8418991
 8418999
 8421211
 8421230
 8421310
 8421910
 8421990
 8423109
 8423200
 8423300
 8423810
 8423820
 8423899
 8423901
 8423902
 8424100
 8428101
 8431201
 8431312
 8448310
 8448410
 8451300
 8452100
 8452901
 8469100
 8469210
 8469290
 8469310
 8469390
 8470100
 8470210
 8470290
 8470300
 8470400
 8470500
 8470900
 8472100
 8472200
 8472300
 8472900
 8473100
 8473210
 8473290
 8473400
 8474801
 8479301
 8481802
 8483100
 8483400
 8483500
 8483600
 8483900
 8484100
 8484900
 8485100
 8485900
 8501401
 8501511
 8501521
 8503002
 8504109
 8506119
 8506121
 8506129
 8506139
 8506199
 8506200
 8506909
 8507101
 8507201
 8507300
 8507801
 8507901
 8507909
 8510901
 8510902
 8511100
 8511200
 8511300
 8511400
 8511500
 8511800
 8511900
 8511909
 8512100
 8512200
 8512300
 8512400
 8512900
 8513109
 8513909
 8516291
 8516400
 8516901
 8516902
 8524211
 8524221
 8524231
 8524901
 8529101
 8531101
 8531801
 8531901
 8534000
 8535101
 8535211
 8535301
 8535900
 8536101
 8536209
 8536410
 8536490
 8536509
 8536619
 8536900
 8537101
 8537109
 8537209
 8539100
 8539210
 8539229
 8539299
 8539312
 8539319
 8539390
 8539400
 8539901
 8539909
 8544110
 8544190
 8544300
 8544419
 8544499
 8544519
 8544599
 8544609
 8546102
 8546209
 8546900
 8547109
 8547200
 8547900
 8548000
 8605000
 8606100
 8606200
 8606300
 8606910
 8606920
 8606990
 8609000
 8703101
 8705100
 8705200
 8705300
 8705400
 8705900
 8708100
 8708210
 8708299
 8708310
 8708390
 8708409
 8708509
 8708609
 8708709
 8708809
 8708919
 8708929
 8708939
 8708949
 8708999
 8711109
 8711209
 8711309
 8711409
 8711509
 8711909
 8712009
 8714110
 8714190
 8714910
 8714920
 8714930
 8714940
 8714950
 8714960
 8714999
 8715000
 8716900
 8901104
 8901109
 8901209
 8901309
 8901903
 8901909
 8902002
 8902009
 8903102
 8903912
 8903922
 8903992
 8906009
 9001200
 9001300
 9001401
 9001409
 9001501
 9001509
 9001900
 9002110
 9002190
 9002200
 9002909
 9006200
 9006309
 9006409
 9006519
 9006529
 9006539
 9006599
 9006610
 9006620
 9006690
 9006910
 9006990
 9007110
 9007210
 9007299
 9007911
 9007929
 9008100
 9008200
 9008300
 9008400
 9008900
 9009110
 9009120
 9009210
 9009220
 9009300
 9009900
 9028201
 9028209
 9028301
 9101119
 9101129
 9101199
 9101219
 9101299
 9101999
 9102110
 9102120
 9102190
 9102210
 9102290
 9102910
 9102990
 9103100
 9103900
 9104000
 9105110
 9105190
 9105210
 9105290
 9105910
 9105990
 9109110
 9109190
 9109900
 9111109
 9111200
 9111800
 9111909
 9112100
 9112800
 9112900
 9201100
 9201200
 9201900
 9202100
 9202900
 9203000
 9204100
 9204200
 9205100
 9205900
 9206000
 9207100
 9207900
 9209100
 9209200
 9209300
 9209910
 9209920
 9209930
 9209940
 9209990
 9302000
 9303100
 9303200
 9303300
 9303900
 9304000
 9305100
 9305210
 9305290
 9305901
 9305909
 9307000
 9401901
 9402100
 9402900
 9405102
 9504200
 9504909
 9506400
 9603210
 9603291
 9603301
 9603400
 9603902
 9604000
 9606100
 9608109
 9608200
 9608310
 9608399
 9608409
 9608609
 9608919
 9608999
 9609109
 9609200
 9609900
 9610000
 9611000
 9613801
 9613901
 9617000
 9706000

ANNEX IV
Lists of industrial products originating in the Community to which are applicable, on importation into Egypt, the schedules for tariff dismantling referred to in Article 9(3)


 2515110
 2515120
 2515200
 2516110
 2516120
 2516210
 2516220
 2516900
 2523100
 2523210
 2523292
 2523300
 2523900
 2704000
 2706000
 2707300
 2707400
 2801100
 2807000
 2808000
 2915219
 2939901
 2939902
 3003100
 3003200
 3003390
 3003400
 3003909
 3004100
 3004200
 3004320
 3004390
 3004400
 3004500
 3004909
 3102100
 3102290
 3102300
 3102400
 3102500
 3102600
 3102700
 3102800
 3102900
 3103100
 3103200
 3103900
 3207100
 3208109
 3208209
 3208909
 3209102
 3209902
 3210002
 3212909
 3214900
 3302109
 3302901
 3302909
 3303001
 3303009
 3304101
 3304109
 3304201
 3304209
 3304301
 3304309
 3304911
 3304919
 3304991
 3304999
 3305101
 3305109
 3305201
 3305209
 3305301
 3305309
 3305901
 3305909
 3306101
 3306109
 3306901
 3306909
 3307101
 3307109
 3307201
 3307209
 3307301
 3307309
 3307411
 3307419
 3307491
 3307499
 3307901
 3307909
 3401119
 3401190
 3401209
 3402200
 3405100
 3405200
 3405300
 3405400
 3405900
 3406000
 3604100
 3605000
 3706109
 3706902
 3912201
 3917109
 3917219
 3917229
 3917239
 3917299
 3917319
 3917329
 3917330
 3917399
 3917400
 3918100
 3918900
 3919100
 3921902
 3921903
 3922100
 3922200
 3922900
 3923109
 3923219
 3923290
 3923309
 3923400
 3923509
 3923900
 3924100
 3924900
 3925100
 3925200
 3925300
 3925900
 3926109
 3926209
 3926300
 3926400
 3926909
 4010911
 4010991
 4015110
 4015190
 4015901
 4015909
 4107109
 4107219
 4107299
 4107909
 4108000
 4109000
 4201000
 4202110
 4202120
 4202190
 4202210
 4202220
 4202290
 4202310
 4202320
 4202390
 4202910
 4202920
 4202991
 4202999
 4203109
 4203292
 4302110
 4302120
 4302130
 4302190
 4302200
 4302300
 4303100
 4303900
 4304001
 4304009
 4409101
 4409102
 4409201
 4409202
 4410100
 4410900
 4411190
 4411290
 4411390
 4411990
 4412110
 4412120
 4412190
 4412210
 4412290
 4412910
 4412991
 4412999
 4414000
 4415100
 4415200
 4416000
 4417009
 4418100
 4418200
 4418300
 4418400
 4418500
 4418901
 4418909
 4419000
 4420100
 4420901
 4420909
 4421100
 4421902
 4421909
 4601100
 4601200
 4601910
 4601990
 4602100
 4602900
 4803009
 4814200
 4814300
 4814901
 4814909
 4815000
 4817100
 4817200
 4817300
 4818101
 4818109
 4818200
 4818300
 4818400
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 9702000
 9703000
 9704000

ANNEX V
List of industrial products originating in the Community referred to in Article 9(4)


 8703 10 30
 8703 10 90
 8703 22 90
 8703 23 10
 8703 23 20
 8703 23 90
 8703 24 00
 8703 31 90
 8703 32 20
 8703 32 90
 8703 33 00
 8703 90 00
 8716 10 00

ANNEX VI
Intellectual property rights referred to in Article 37
1. By the end of the fourth year after the entry into force of the Agreement, Egypt shall accede to the following multilateral conventions on intellectual property rights: 


— the Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organisations (Rome, 1961),
— Budapest Treaty on the International Recognition of the Deposit of Micro-organisms for the Purposes of Patent Procedure (1977, amended 1980),
— the Patent Cooperation Treaty (Washington 1970, amended in 1979 and modified in 1984),
— the International Convention for Protection of New Varieties of Plants (UPOV) (Geneva Act 1991),
— Nice Agreement concerning the international Classification of Goods and Services for the Purpose of the Registration of Marks (Geneva Act 1977and amended in 1979),
— Protocol relating to the Madrid Agreement concerning the international registration of Marks (Madrid 1989).

2. The Parties confirm the importance they attach to the obligations arising from the following multilateral conventions: 


— the World Trade Organisation Agreement on Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (Marrakech, April 15, 1994), taking into consideration the transitional period provided for developing countries in Article 65 of that Agreement,
— the Paris Convention for the protection of industrial property (Stockholm Act 1967 amended in 1979),
— Berne Convention for the protection of literary and artistic works (Paris Act 1971),
— Madrid Agreement concerning the International Registration of Marks (Stockholm Act 1967 amended in 1979).

3. The Association Council may decide that paragraph 1 shall apply to other multilateral conventions in this field.

PROTOCOL 1
concerning the arrangements applicable to imports into the Community of agricultural products originating in Egypt
1. The products listed in the Annex, originating in Egypt, shall be admitted for importation into the Community, according to the conditions contained hereafter and in the Annex.

2. 
((a)) Customs duties shall be either eliminated or reduced as indicated in column ‘A’;
((b)) for certain products, for which the Common Customs Tariff provides for the application of an ad valorem duty and a specific duty, the rates of reduction, indicated in columns ‘A’ and ‘C’, shall apply only to the ad valorem duty.

3. For certain products, customs duties shall be eliminated within the limit of the tariff quotas listed in column ‘B’. 

For the quantities imported in excess of the quotas, the common customs duties shall, according to the product concerned, be applied in full or reduced, as indicated in column ‘C’.

For the first year of application, the volumes of tariff quotas shall be calculated as a pro rata of the basic volumes, taking into account the part of the period elapsed before the date of entry into force of this Agreement.

4. For the products for which the specific provisions in column ‘D’ refer to this paragraph, the tariff quota volumes listed in column ‘B’ shall be increased annually by 3 % of the volume of the previous year; the first increase taking place one year after the entry into force of this Agreement.

5. From 1 December to 31 May, for sweet oranges, fresh, falling within CN codes ex 0805 10 10, ex 0805 10 30 and ex 0805 10 50, within the limit of the tariff quota of 34 000 tonnes applicable for the concession on the ad valorem customs duties, the agreed entry price between the European Community and Egypt, from which the specific duty provided in the Community's list of concessions to the WTO is reduced to zero, is: 


— EUR 266/tonne, from 1 December 1999 to 31 May 2000,
— EUR 264/tonne, for every period thereafter, from 1 December to 31 May.

If the entry price for a consignment is 2, 4, 6 or 8 % lower than the agreed entry price, the specific customs duty shall be equal respectively to 2, 4, 6 or 8 % of this agreed entry price. If the entry price of a consignment is less than 92 % of the agreed entry price, the specific customs duty bound within the WTO shall apply.

PROTOCOL 2
Concerning the arrangements applicable to imports into Egypt of agricultural products originating in the Community
1. The products listed in the Annex originating in the Community shall be admitted for importation into Egypt according to the conditions contained hereafter and in the Annex.

2. Import duties on imports shall be either eliminated or reduced to the level indicated in column ‘A’.

3. For certain products, the duties shall be eliminated or reduced within the limit of a tariff quota listed in column ‘B’.

PROTOCOL 3
Concerning the arrangements applicable to processed agricultural products
Article 1 

1. Customs duties and charges having equivalent effect applicable on import into Egypt of processed agricultural products originating in the Community, listed in Annex I to this Protocol, shall be gradually reduced in accordance with the following schedule:
— as regards the products listed in Table 1, duties shall be abolished two years after the entry into force of the Agreement,
— as regards the products listed in Table 2, duties shall be subject to the following reductions:
— two years after entry into force of the Agreement: -5 % of the basic duties,
— three years after the entry into force of the Agreement: -10 % of the basic duties,
— four years after the entry into force of the Agreement: -15 % of the basic duties,
— as regards the products listed in Table 3, duties shall be reduced as be subject to the following reductions:
— two years after entry into force of the Agreement: -5 % of the basic duties,
— three years after the entry into force of the Agreement: -15 % of the basic duties,
— four years after the entry into force of the Agreement: -25 % of the basic duties.
2. Imports into the Community of processed agricultural products originating in Egypt, listed in Annex II to this Protocol, shall be subject to the duties mentioned therein, whether limited by quota or not.
3. The reductions of customs duties mentioned in Annexes I and II to this Protocol shall apply to the basic duties referred to in Article 18.
4. The Association Council may decide on:
— extensions of the list of processed agricultural products under this Protocol,
— amendments of the duties mentioned in Annexes I and II to this Protocol,
— increases or abolition of tariff quotas.
Article 2 

1. Customs duties applied pursuant to Article 1 may be reduced by decision of the Association Committee:
— when in trade between the Community and Egypt the duties applied to the basic products are reduced, or
— in response to reductions resulting from mutual concessions relating to processed agricultural products.
2. As regards the duties applied by the Community, the reductions provided for under the first indent will be calculated on the part of the duty designated as the agricultural component which shall correspond to the agricultural products actually used in the manufacture of the processed agricultural products in question and deduced from the duties applied to these basic agricultural products.
Article 3 
The Community and Egypt shall inform each other of the administrative arrangements adopted for the products covered by this Protocol.
These arrangements should ensure equal treatment for all interested parties and should be as simple and flexible as possible.
PROTOCOL 4
Concerning the definition of the concept of ‘originating products’ and methods of administrative cooperation
TITLE I
GENERAL PROVISIONS
Definitions
Article 1 
For the purposes of this Protocol:

((a)) ‘manufacture’ means any kind of working or processing including assembly or specific operations;
((b)) ‘material’ means any ingredient, raw material, component or part, etc., used in the manufacture of the product;
((c)) ‘product’ means the product being manufactured, even if it is intended for later use in another manufacturing operation;
((d)) ‘goods’ means both materials and products;
((e)) ‘customs value’ means the value as determined in accordance with the 1994 Agreement on implementation of Article VII of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (WTO Agreement on customs valuation);
((f)) ‘ex-works price’ means the price paid for the product ex works to the manufacturer in the Community or Egypt in whose undertaking the last working or processing is carried out, provided the price includes the value of all the materials used, minus any internal taxes which are, or may be, repaid when the product obtained is exported;
((g)) ‘value of materials’ means the customs value at the time of importation of the non-originating materials used, or, if this is not known and cannot be ascertained, the first ascertainable price paid for the materials in the Community or Egypt;
((h)) ‘value of originating materials’ means the value of such materials as defined in subparagraph (g) applied mutatis mutandis;
((i)) ‘added value’ shall be taken to be the ex-works price minus the customs value of each of the products incorporated which did not originate in the country in which those products were obtained;
((j)) ‘chapters’ and ‘headings’ mean the chapters and the headings (four-digit codes) used in the nomenclature which makes up the Harmonised Commodity Description and Coding System, referred to in this Protocol as ‘the Harmonised System’ or ‘HS’;
((k)) ‘classified’ refers to the classification of a product or material under a particular heading;
((l)) ‘consignment’ means products which are either sent simultaneously from one exporter to one consignee or covered by a single transport document covering their shipment from the exporter to the consignee or, in the absence of such a document, by a single invoice;
((m)) ‘territories’ includes territorial waters.
TITLE II
DEFINITION OF THE CONCEPT OF ‘ORIGINATING PRODUCTS’
General requirements
Article 2 

1. For the purpose of implementing this Agreement, the following products shall be considered as originating in the Community:
(a) products wholly obtained in the Community within the meaning of Article 5 of this Protocol;
(b) products obtained in the Community incorporating materials which have not been wholly obtained there, provided that such materials have undergone sufficient working or processing in the Community within the meaning of Article 6 of this Protocol.
2. For the purpose of implementing this Agreement, the following products shall be considered as originating in Egypt:
(a) products wholly obtained in Egypt within the meaning of Article 5 of this Protocol;
(b) products obtained in Egypt incorporating materials which have not been wholly obtained there, provided that such materials have undergone sufficient working or processing in Egypt within the meaning of Article 6 of this Protocol.
Bilateral cumulation of origin
Article 3 

1. Materials originating in the Community shall be considered as materials originating in Egypt when incorporated into a product obtained there. It shall not be necessary that such materials have undergone sufficient working or processing, provided they have undergone working or processing going beyond that referred to in Article 7(1) of this Protocol.
2. Materials originating in Egypt shall be considered as materials originating in the Community when incorporated into a product obtained there. It shall not be necessary that such materials have undergone sufficient working or processing, provided they have undergone working or processing going beyond that referred to in Article 7(1) of this Protocol.
Diagonal cumulation of origin
Article 4 

1. Subject to the provisions of paragraphs 2 and 3, materials originating in Algeria, Cyprus, Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Malta, Morocco, Syria, Tunisia, Turkey or the West bank and the Gaza Strip, within the meaning of the Agreements between the Community and Egypt and these countries shall be considered as originating in the Community or Egypt when incorporated into a product obtained there. It shall not be necessary that such materials have undergone sufficient working or processing.
2. Products which have acquired originating status by virtue of paragraph 1 shall only continue to be considered as products originating in the Community or Egypt when the value added there exceeds the value of the materials used originating in any one of the other countries referred to in paragraph 1. If this is not so, the products concerned shall be considered as originating in the country referred to in paragraph 1 which accounts for the highest value of originating materials used. In the allocation of origin, no account shall be taken of materials originating in the other countries referred to in paragraph 1 which have undergone sufficient working or processing in the Community or Egypt.
3. The cumulation provided for in this Article may only be applied where the materials used have acquired the status of originating products by an application of rules of origin identical to the rules in this Protocol. The Community and Egypt shall provide each other, through the European Commission, with details of agreements and their corresponding rules of origin which have been concluded with the other countries referred to in paragraph 1.
4. Once the requirements laid down in paragraph 3 have been fulfilled, and a date for the entry into force of these provisions has been agreed, each party shall fulfil its own notification and information obligations.
Wholly obtained products
Article 5 

1. The following shall be considered as wholly obtained in the Community or Egypt:
(a) mineral products extracted from their soil or from their seabed;
(b) vegetable products harvested there;
(c) live animals born and raised there;
(d) products from live animals raised there;
(e) products obtained by hunting or fishing conducted there;
(f) products of sea fishing and other products taken from the sea outside the territorial waters of the Community or Egypt by their vessels;
(g) products made aboard their factory ships exclusively from products referred to in subparagraph (f);
(h) used articles collected there fit only for the recovery of raw materials, including used tyres fit only for retreading or for use as waste;
(i) waste and scrap resulting from manufacturing operations conducted there;
(j) products extracted from marine soil or subsoil outside their territorial waters provided that they have sole rights to work that soil or subsoil;
(k) goods produced there exclusively from the products specified in subparagraphs (a) to (j).
2. The terms ‘their vessels’ and ‘their factory ships’ in paragraph 1(f) and (g) shall apply only to vessels and factory ships:
(a) which are registered or recorded in an EC Member State or in Egypt;
(b) which sail under the flag of an EC Member State or of Egypt;
(c) which are owned to an extent of at least 50 % by nationals of EC Member States or of Egypt, or by a company with its head office in one of these States, of which the manager or managers, Chairman of the Board of Directors or the Supervisory Board, and the majority of the members of such boards are nationals of EC Member States or of Egypt and of which, in addition, in the case of partnerships or limited companies, at least half the capital belongs to those States or to public bodies or nationals of the said States;
(d) of which the master and officers are nationals of EC Member States or of Egypt; and
(e) of which at least 75 % of the crew are nationals of EC Member States or of Egypt.
Sufficiently worked or processed products
Article 6 

1. For the purposes of Article 2, products which are not wholly obtained are considered to be sufficiently worked or processed when the conditions set out in the list in Annex II are fulfilled.The conditions referred to above indicate, for all products covered by this Agreement, the working or processing which must be carried out on non-originating materials used in manufacturing and apply only in relation to such materials. Accordingly, it follows that if a product, which has acquired originating status by fulfilling the conditions set out in the list is used in the manufacture of another product, the conditions applicable to the product in which it is incorporated do not apply to it, and no account shall be taken of the non-originating materials which may have been used in its manufacture.
2. Notwithstanding paragraph 1, the products which are not wholly obtained and listed in Annex II(a) are considered to be sufficiently worked or processed when the conditions set out in the list in Annex II(a) are fulfilled.The provision of this paragraph shall apply for three years following the entry into force of the Agreement.
3. Notwithstanding paragraph 1 and 2, non-originating materials which, according to the conditions set out in the list, should not be used in the manufacture of a product may nevertheless be used, provided that:
(a) their total value does not exceed 10 % of the ex-works price of the product;
(b) any of the percentages given in the list for the maximum value of non-originating materials are not exceeded through the application of this paragraph.This paragraph shall not apply to products falling within Chapters 50 to 63 of the Harmonised System.
4. Paragraphs 1, 2 and 3 shall apply except as provided in Article 7.
Insufficient working or processing operations
Article 7 

1. Without prejudice to paragraph 2, the following operations shall be considered as insufficient working or processing to confer the status of originating products, whether or not the requirements of Article 6 are satisfied:
(a) operations to ensure the preservation of products in good condition during transport and storage (ventilation, spreading out, drying, chilling, placing in salt, sulphur dioxide or other aqueous solutions, removal of damaged parts, and like operations);
(b) simple operations consisting of removal of dust, sifting or screening, sorting, classifying, matching (including the making-up of sets of articles), washing, painting, cutting up;
(c) 
((i)) changes of packaging and breaking up and assembly of packages;
((ii)) simple placing in bottles, flasks, bags, cases, boxes, fixing on cards or boards, etc., and all other simple packaging operations;
(d) affixing marks, labels and other like distinguishing signs on products or their packaging;
(e) simple mixing of products, whether or not of different kinds, where one or more components of the mixtures do not meet the conditions laid down in this Protocol to enable them to be considered as originating in the Community or Egypt;
(f) simple assembly of parts to constitute a complete product;
(g) a combination of two or more operations specified in subparagraphs (a) to (f);
(h) slaughter of animals.
2. All the operations carried out in either the Community or Egypt on a given product shall be considered together when determining whether the working or processing undergone by that product is to be regarded as insufficient within the meaning of paragraph 1.
Unit of qualification
Article 8 

1. The unit of qualification for the application of the provisions of this Protocol shall be the particular product which is considered as the basic unit when determining classification using the nomenclature of the Harmonised System.Accordingly, it follows that:
(a) when a product composed of a group or assembly of articles is classified under the terms of the Harmonised System in a single heading, the whole constitutes the unit of qualification;
(b) when a consignment consists of a number of identical products classified under the same heading of the Harmonised System, each product must be taken individually when applying the provisions of this Protocol.
2. Where, under General Rule 5 of the Harmonised System, packaging is included with the product for classification purposes, it shall be included for the purposes of determining origin.
Accessories, spare parts and tools
Article 9 
Accessories, spare parts and tools dispatched with a piece of equipment, machine, apparatus or vehicle, which are part of the normal equipment and included in the price thereof or which are not separately invoiced, shall be regarded as one with the piece of equipment, machine, apparatus or vehicle in question.
Sets
Article 10 
Sets, as defined in General Rule 3 of the Harmonised System, shall be regarded as originating when all component products are originating. Nevertheless, when a set is composed of originating and non-originating products, the set as a whole shall be regarded as originating, provided that the value of the non-originating products does not exceed 15 % of the ex-works price of the set.
Neutral elements
Article 11 
In order to determine whether a product originates, it shall not be necessary to determine the origin of the following which might be used in its manufacture:

((a)) energy and fuel;
((b)) plant and equipment;
((c)) machines and tools;
((d)) goods which do not enter and which are not intended to enter into the final composition of the product.
TITLE III
TERRITORIAL REQUIREMENTS
Principle of territoriality
Article 12 

1. The conditions set out in Title II relative to the acquisition of originating status must be fulfilled without interruption in the Community or Egypt, except as provided for in Article 4.
2. If originating goods exported from the Community or Egypt to another country are returned, except in so far as provided for in Article 4 they must be considered as non-originating, unless it can be demonstrated to the satisfaction of the customs authorities that:
(a) the goods returned are the same goods as those exported; and
(b) they have not undergone any operation beyond that necessary to preserve them in good condition while in that country or while being exported.
Direct transport
Article 13 

1. The preferential treatment provided for under the Agreement applies only to products, satisfying the requirements of this Protocol, which are transported directly between the Community and Egypt or through the territories of the other countries referred to in Article 4. However, products constituting one single consignment may be transported through other territories with, should the occasion arise, transhipment or temporary warehousing in such territories, provided that they remain under the surveillance of the customs authorities in the country of transit or warehousing and do not undergo operations other than unloading, reloading or any operation designed to preserve them in good condition.Originating products may be transported by pipeline across territory other than that of the Community or Egypt.
2. Evidence that the conditions set out in paragraph 1 have been fulfilled shall be supplied to the customs authorities of the importing country by the production of:
(a) a single transport document covering the passage from the exporting country through the country of transit; or
(b) a certificate issued by the customs authorities of the country of transit:
((i)) giving an exact description of the products;
((ii)) stating the dates of unloading and reloading of the products and, where applicable, the names of the ships, or the other means of transport used; and
((iii)) certifying the conditions under which the products remained in the transit country; or
(c) failing these, any substantiating documents.
Exhibitions
Article 14 

1. Originating products, sent for exhibition in a country other than those referred to in Article 4 and sold after the exhibition for importation in the Community or Egypt shall benefit on importation from the provisions of the Agreement provided it is shown to the satisfaction of the customs authorities that:
(a) an exporter has consigned these products from the Community or Egypt to the country in which the exhibition is held and has exhibited them there;
(b) the products have been sold or otherwise disposed of by that exporter to a person in the Community or Egypt;
(c) the products have been consigned during the exhibition or immediately thereafter in the state in which they were sent for exhibition; and
(d) the products have not, since they were consigned for exhibition, been used for any purpose other than demonstration at the exhibition.
2. A proof of origin must be issued or made out in accordance with the provisions of Title V and submitted to the customs authorities of the importing country in the normal manner. The name and address of the exhibition must be indicated thereon. Where necessary, additional documentary evidence of the conditions under which they have been exhibited may be required.
3. Paragraph 1 shall apply to any trade, industrial, agricultural or crafts exhibition, fair or similar public show or display which is not organised for private purposes in shops or business premises with a view to the sale of foreign products, and during which the products remain under customs control.
TITLE IV
DRAWBACK OR EXEMPTION
Prohibition of drawback of, or exemption from, customs duties
Article 15 

1. Non-originating materials used in the manufacture of products originating in the Community, in Egypt or in one of the other countries referred to in Article 4 for which a proof of origin is issued or made out in accordance with the provisions of Title V shall not be subject in the Community or Egypt to drawback of, or exemption from, customs duties of whatever kind.
2. The prohibition in paragraph 1 shall apply to any arrangement for refund, remission or non-payment, partial or complete, of customs duties or charges having an equivalent effect, applicable in the Community or Egypt to materials used in the manufacture, where such refund, remission or non-payment applies, expressly or in effect, when products obtained from the said materials are exported and not when they are retained for home use there.
3. The exporter of products covered by a proof of origin shall be prepared to submit at any time, upon request from the customs authorities, all appropriate documents proving that no drawback has been obtained in respect of the non-originating materials used in the manufacture of the products concerned and that all customs duties or charges having equivalent effect applicable to such materials have actually been paid.
4. The provisions of paragraphs 1 to 3 shall also apply in respect of packaging within the meaning of Article 8(2), accessories, spare parts and tools within the meaning of Article 9 and products in a set within the meaning of Article 10 when such items are non-originating.
5. The provisions of paragraphs 1 to 4 shall apply only in respect of materials which are of the kind to which the Agreement applies. Furthermore, they shall not preclude the application of an export refund system for agricultural products, applicable upon export in accordance with the provisions of the Agreement.
6. The provisions of this Article shall not apply for six years following the entry into force of the Agreement.
7. After the entry into force of the provisions of this Article and notwithstanding paragraph 1, Egypt may apply arrangements for drawback of, or exemption from, customs duties or charges having an equivalent effect, applicable to materials used in the manufacture of originating products, subject to the following provisions:
(a) a 5 % rate of customs charge shall be retained in respect of products falling within Chapters 25 to 49 and 64 to 97 of the Harmonised System, or such lower rate as in force in Egypt;
(b) a 10 % rate of customs charge shall be retained in respect of products falling within Chapters 50 to 63 of the Harmonised System, or such lower rate as in force in Egypt.Before the end of the transitional period referred to in Article 6 of the Agreement, the provisions of this paragraph will be reviewed.
TITLE V
PROOF OF ORIGIN
General requirements
Article 16 

1. Products originating in the Community shall, on importation into Egypt and products originating in Egypt shall, on importation into the Community benefit from this Agreement upon submission of either:
(a) a movement certificate EUR1, a specimen of which appears in Annex IV; or
(b) in the cases specified in Article 21(1), a declaration, the text of which appears in Annex V, given by the exporter on an invoice, a delivery note or any other commercial document which describes the products concerned in sufficient detail to enable them to be identified (hereinafter referred to as the invoice declaration).
2. Notwithstanding paragraph 1, originating products within the meaning of this Protocol shall, in the cases specified in Article 26, benefit from this Agreement without it being necessary to submit any of the documents referred to above.
Procedure for the issue of a movement certificate EUR1
Article 17 

1. A movement certificate EUR1 shall be issued by the customs authorities of the exporting country on application having been made in writing by the exporter or, under the exporter's responsibility, by his authorised representative.
2. For this purpose, the exporter or his authorised representative shall fill out both the movement certificate EUR1 and the application form, specimens of which appear in Annex IV. These forms shall be completed in one of the languages in which this Agreement is drawn up and in accordance with the provisions of the domestic law of the exporting country. If they are handwritten, they shall be completed in ink in printed characters. The description of the products must be given in the box reserved for this purpose without leaving any blank lines. Where the box is not completely filled, a horizontal line must be drawn below the last line of the description, the empty space being crossed through.
3. The exporter applying for the issue of a movement certificate EUR1 shall be prepared to submit at any time, at the request of the customs authorities of the exporting country where the movement certificate EUR1 is issued, all appropriate documents proving the originating status of the products concerned as well as the fulfilment of the other requirements of this Protocol.
4. A movement certificate EUR1 shall be issued by the customs authorities of an EC Member State or Egypt if the products concerned can be considered as products originating in the Community, Egypt or in one of the other countries referred to in Article 4 and fulfil the other requirements of this Protocol.
5. The issuing customs authorities shall take any steps necessary to verify the originating status of the products and the fulfilment of the other requirements of this Protocol. For this purpose, they shall have the right to call for any evidence and to carry out any inspection of the exporter's accounts or any other check considered appropriate. The issuing customs authorities shall also ensure that the forms referred to in paragraph 2 are duly completed. In particular, they shall check whether the space reserved for the description of the products has been completed in such a manner as to exclude all possibility of fraudulent additions.
6. The date of issue of the movement certificate EUR1 shall be indicated in box 11 of the certificate.
7. A movement certificate EUR1 shall be issued by the customs authorities and made available to the exporter as soon as actual exportation has been effected or ensured.
Movement certificates EUR1 issued retrospectively
Article 18 

1. Notwithstanding Article 17(7), a movement certificate EUR1 may exceptionally be issued after exportation of the products to which it relates if:
(a) it was not issued at the time of exportation because of errors or involuntary omissions or special circumstances; or
(b) it is demonstrated to the satisfaction of the customs authorities that a movement certificate EUR1 was issued but was not accepted at importation for technical reasons.
2. For the implementation of paragraph 1, the exporter must indicate in his application the place and date of exportation of the products to which the movement certificate EUR1 relates, and state the reasons for his request.
3. The customs authorities may issue a movement certificate EUR1 retrospectively only after verifying that the information supplied in the exporter's application agrees with that in the corresponding file.
4. Movement certificates EUR1 issued retrospectively must be endorsed with one of the following phrases:‘NACHTRÄGLICH AUSGESTELLT’, ‘DELIVRE A POSTERIORI’, ‘RILASCIATO A POSTERIORI’, ‘AFGEGEVEN A POSTERIORI’, ‘ISSUED RETROSPECTIVELY’, ‘UDSTEDT EFTERFØLGENDE’, ‘ΕΚΔΟΘΕΝ ΕΚ ΤΩΝ ΥΣΤΕΡΩΝ’, ‘EXPEDIDO A POSTERIORI’, ‘EMITIDO A POSTERIORI’, ‘ANNETTU JÄLKIKÄTEEN’, ‘UTFÄRDAT I EFTERHAND’, ‘Arabic version’.
5. The endorsement referred to in paragraph 4 shall be inserted in the ‘Remarks’ box of the movement certificate EUR1.
Issue of a duplicate movement certificate EUR1
Article 19 

1. In the event of theft, loss or destruction of a movement certificate EUR1, the exporter may apply to the customs authorities which issued it for a duplicate made out on the basis of the export documents in their possession.
2. The duplicate issued in this way must be endorsed with one of the following words:‘DUPLIKAT’, ‘DUPLICATA’, ‘DUPLICATO’, ‘DUPLICAAT’, ‘DUPLICATE’, ‘ΑΝΤΙΓΡΑΦΟ’, ‘DUPLICADO’, ‘SEGUNDA VIA’, ‘KAKSOISKAPPALE’, ‘Arabic version’.
3. The endorsement referred to in paragraph 2 shall be inserted in the ‘Remarks’ box of the duplicate movement certificate EUR1.
4. The duplicate, which must bear the date of issue of the original movement certificate EUR1, shall take effect as from that date.
Issue of movement certificates EUR1 on the basis of a proof of origin issued or made out previously
Article 20 
When originating products are placed under the control of a customs office in the Community or Egypt, it shall be possible to replace the original proof of origin by one or more movement certificates EUR1 for the purpose of sending all or some of these products elsewhere within the Community or Egypt. The replacement movement certificate(s) EUR1 shall be issued by the customs office under whose control the products are placed.
Conditions for making out an invoice declaration
Article 21 

1. An invoice declaration as referred to in Article 16(1)(b) may be made out:
(a) by an approved exporter within the meaning of Article 22, or
(b) by any exporter for any consignment consisting of one or more packages containing originating products whose total value does not exceed EUR 6 000.
2. An invoice declaration may be made out if the products concerned can be considered as products originating in the Community, Egypt or in one of the other countries referred to in Article 4 and fulfil the other requirements of this Protocol.
3. The exporter making out an invoice declaration shall be prepared to submit at any time, at the request of the customs authorities of the exporting country, all appropriate documents proving the originating status of the products concerned as well as the fulfilment of the other requirements of this Protocol.
4. An invoice declaration shall be made out by the exporter by typing, stamping or printing on the invoice, the delivery note or another commercial document, the declaration, the text of which appears in Annex V, using one of the linguistic versions set out in that Annex and in accordance with the provisions of the domestic law of the exporting country. If the declaration is handwritten, it shall be written in ink in printed characters.
5. Invoice declarations shall bear the original signature of the exporter in manuscript. However, an approved exporter within the meaning of Article 22 shall not be required to sign such declarations provided that he gives the customs authorities of the exporting country a written undertaking that he accepts full responsibility for any invoice declaration which identifies him as if it had been signed in manuscript by him.
6. An invoice declaration may be made out by the exporter when the products to which it relates are exported, or after exportation on condition that it is presented in the importing country no longer than two years after the importation of the products to which it relates.
Approved exporter
Article 22 

1. The customs authorities of the exporting country may authorise any exporter who makes frequent shipments of products under this Agreement to make out invoice declarations irrespective of the value of the products concerned. An exporter seeking such authorisation must offer to the satisfaction of the customs authorities all guarantees necessary to verify the originating status of the products as well as the fulfilment of the other requirements of this Protocol.
2. The customs authorities may grant the status of approved exporter subject to any conditions which they consider appropriate.
3. The customs authorities shall grant to the approved exporter a customs authorisation number which shall appear on the invoice declaration.
4. The customs authorities shall monitor the use of the authorisation by the approved exporter.
5. The customs authorities may withdraw the authorisation at any time. They shall do so where the approved exporter no longer offers the guarantees referred to in paragraph 1, does not fulfil the conditions referred to in paragraph 2 or otherwise makes an incorrect use of the authorisation.
Validity of proof of origin
Article 23 

1. A proof of origin shall be valid for four months from the date of issue in the exporting country, and must be submitted within the said period to the customs authorities of the importing country.
2. Proofs of origin which are submitted to the customs authorities of the importing country after the final date for presentation specified in paragraph 1 may be accepted for the purpose of applying preferential treatment, where the failure to submit these documents by the final date set is due to exceptional circumstances.
3. In other cases of belated presentation, the customs authorities of the importing country may accept the proofs of origin where the products have been submitted before the said final date.
Submission of proof of origin
Article 24 
Proofs of origin shall be submitted to the customs authorities of the importing country in accordance with the procedures applicable in that country. The said authorities may require a translation of a proof of origin and may also require the import declaration to be accompanied by a statement from the importer to the effect that the products meet the conditions required for the implementation of the Agreement.
Importation by instalments
Article 25 
Where, at the request of the importer and on the conditions laid down by the customs authorities of the importing country, dismantled or non-assembled products within the meaning of General Rule 2(a) of the Harmonised System falling within Sections XVI and XVII or headings 7308 and 9406 of the Harmonised System are imported by instalments, a single proof of origin for such products shall be submitted to the customs authorities upon importation of the first instalment.
Exemptions from proof of origin
Article 26 

1. Products sent as small packages from private persons to private persons or forming part of travellers' personal luggage shall be admitted as originating products without requiring the submission of a proof of origin, provided that such products are not imported by way of trade and have been declared as meeting the requirements of this Protocol and where there is no doubt as to the veracity of such a declaration. In the case of products sent by post, this declaration can be made on the customs declaration CN22/CN23 or on a sheet of paper annexed to that document.
2. Imports which are occasional and consist solely of products for the personal use of the recipients or travellers or their families shall not be considered as imports by way of trade if it is evident from the nature and quantity of the products that no commercial purpose is in view.
3. Furthermore, the total value of these products shall not exceed EUR 500 in the case of small packages or EUR 1 200 in the case of products forming part of travellers' personal luggage.
Supporting documents
Article 27 
The documents referred to in Articles 17(3) and 21(3) used for the purpose of proving that products covered by a movement certificate EUR1 or an invoice declaration can be considered as products originating in the Community, Egypt or in one of the other countries referred to in Article 4 and fulfil the other requirements of this Protocol may consist, inter alia, of the following:

((a)) direct evidence of the processes carried out by the exporter or supplier to obtain the goods concerned, contained for example in his accounts or internal bookkeeping;
((b)) documents proving the originating status of materials used, issued or made out in the Community or Egypt where these documents are used in accordance with domestic law;
((c)) documents proving the working or processing of materials in the Community or Egypt, issued or made out in the Community or Egypt, where these documents are used in accordance with domestic law;
((d)) movement certificates EUR1 or invoice declarations proving the originating status of materials used, issued or made out in the Community or Egypt in accordance with this Protocol, or in one of the other countries referred to in Article 4, in accordance with rules of origin which are identical to the rules in this Protocol.
Preservation of proof of origin and supporting documents
Article 28 

1. The exporter applying for the issue of a movement certificate EUR1 shall keep for at least three years the documents referred to in Article 17(3).
2. The exporter making out an invoice declaration shall keep for at least three years a copy of this invoice declaration as well as the documents referred to in Article 21(3).
3. The customs authorities of the exporting country issuing a movement certificate EUR1 shall keep for at least three years the application form referred to in Article 17(2).
4. The customs authorities of the importing country shall keep for at least three years the movement certificates EUR1 and the invoice declarations submitted to them.
Discrepancies and formal errors
Article 29 

1. The discovery of slight discrepancies between the statements made in the proof of origin and those made in the documents submitted to the customs office for the purpose of carrying out the formalities for importing the products shall not, ipso facto, render the proof of origin null and void if it is duly established that this document does correspond to the products submitted.
2. Obvious formal errors such as typing errors on a proof of origin should not cause this document to be rejected if these errors are not such as to create doubts concerning the correctness of the statements made in this document.
Amounts expressed in euro
Article 30 

1. Amounts in the national currency of the exporting country equivalent to the amounts expressed in euro shall be fixed by the exporting country and communicated to the importing countries through the European Commission.
2. When the amounts exceed the corresponding amounts fixed by the importing country, the latter shall accept them if the products are invoiced in the currency of the exporting country. When the products are invoiced in the currency of an EC Member State or another country referred to in Article 4, the importing country shall recognise the amount notified by the country concerned.
3. The amounts to be used in any given national currency shall be the equivalent in that national currency of the amounts expressed in euro as at the first working day in October 1999.
4. The amounts expressed in euro and their equivalents in the national currencies of EC Member States and Egypt shall be reviewed by the Association Committee at the request of the Community or Egypt. When carrying out this review, the Association Committee shall ensure that there will be no decrease in the amounts to be used in national currency and shall furthermore consider the desirability of preserving the effects of the limits concerned in real terms. For this purpose, it may decide to modify the amounts expressed in euro.
TITLE VI
ARRANGEMENTS FOR ADMINISTRATIVE COOPERATION
Mutual assistance
Article 31 

1. The customs authorities of the EC Member States and of Egypt shall provide each other, through the European Commission, with specimen impressions of stamps used in their customs offices for the issue of movement certificates EUR1 and with the addresses of the customs authorities responsible for verifying those certificates and invoice declarations.
2. In order to ensure the proper application of this Protocol, the Community and Egypt shall assist each other, through the competent customs administrations, in checking the authenticity of the movement certificates EUR1 or the invoice declarations and the correctness of the information given in these documents.
Verification of proofs of origin
Article 32 

1. Subsequent verifications of proofs of origin shall be carried out at random or whenever the customs authorities of the importing country have reasonable doubts as to the authenticity of such documents, the originating status of the products concerned or the fulfilment of the other requirements of this Protocol.
2. For the purposes of implementing the provisions of paragraph 1, the customs authorities of the importing country shall return the movement certificate EUR1 and the invoice, if it has been submitted, the invoice declaration, or a copy of these documents, to the customs authorities of the exporting country giving, where appropriate, the reasons for the enquiry. Any documents and information obtained suggesting that the information given on the proof of origin is incorrect shall be forwarded in support of the request for verification.
3. The verification shall be carried out by the customs authorities of the exporting country. For this purpose, they shall have the right to call for any evidence and to carry out any inspection of the exporter's accounts or any other check considered appropriate.
4. If the customs authorities of the importing country decide to suspend the granting of preferential treatment to the products concerned while awaiting the results of the verification, release of the products shall be offered to the importer subject to any precautionary measures judged necessary.
5. The customs authorities requesting the verification shall be informed of the results of this verification as soon as possible. These results must indicate clearly whether the documents are authentic and whether the products concerned can be considered as products originating in the Community, Egypt or one of the other countries referred to in Article 4 and fulfil the other requirements of this Protocol.
6. If in cases of reasonable doubt there is no reply within 10 months of the date of the verification request or if the reply does not contain sufficient information to determine the authenticity of the document in question or the real origin of the products, the requesting customs authorities shall, except in exceptional circumstances, refuse entitlement to the preferences.
Dispute settlement
Article 33 
Where disputes arise in relation to the verification procedures of Article 32 which cannot be settled between the customs authorities requesting a verification and the customs authorities responsible for carrying out this verification or where they raise a question as to the interpretation of this Protocol, they shall be submitted to the Association Committee.
In all cases the settlement of disputes between the importer and the customs authorities of the importing country shall be under the legislation of the said country.
Penalties
Article 34 
Penalties shall be imposed on any person who draws up, or causes to be drawn up, a document which contains incorrect information for the purpose of obtaining a preferential treatment for products.
Free zones
Article 35 

1. The Community and Egypt shall take all necessary steps to ensure that products traded under cover of a proof of origin which in the course of transport use a free zone situated in their territory, are not substituted by other goods and do not undergo handling other than normal operations designed to prevent their deterioration.
2. By means of an exemption to the provisions contained in paragraph 1, when products originating in the Community or Egypt are imported into a free zone under cover of a proof of origin and undergo treatment or processing, the authorities concerned shall issue a new EUR1 certificate at the exporter's request, if the treatment or processing undergone is in conformity with the provisions of this Protocol.
TITLE VII
CEUTA AND MELILLA
Application of the Protocol
Article 36 

1. The term ‘Community’ used in Article 2 does not cover Ceuta and Melilla.
2. Products originating in Egypt, when imported into Ceuta or Melilla, shall enjoy in all respects the same customs regime as that which is applied to products originating in the customs territory of the Community under Protocol 2 of the Act of Accession of the Kingdom of Spain and the Portuguese Republic to the European Communities. Egypt shall grant to imports of products covered by the Agreement and originating in Ceuta and Melilla the same customs regime as that which is granted to products imported from and originating in the Community.
3. For the purpose of the application of paragraph 2 concerning products originating in Ceuta and Melilla, this Protocol shall apply, mutatis mutandis, subject to the special conditions set out in Article 37.
Special conditions
Article 37 

1. Providing they have been transported directly in accordance with the provisions of Article 13, the following shall be considered as:
1.. products originating in Ceuta and Melilla:

((a)) products wholly obtained in Ceuta and Melilla;
((b)) products obtained in Ceuta and Melilla in the manufacture of which products other than those referred to in (a) are used, provided that:

((i)) the said products have undergone sufficient working or processing within the meaning of Article 6 of this Protocol; or that
((ii)) those products are originating in Egypt or the Community within the meaning of this Protocol, provided that they have been submitted to working or processing which goes beyond the insufficient working or processing referred to in Article 7(1).
2.. products originating in Egypt:

((a)) products wholly obtained in Egypt;
((b)) products obtained in Egypt, in the manufacture of which products other than those referred to in (a) are used, provided that:

((i)) the said products have undergone sufficient working or processing within the meaning of Article 6 of this Protocol; or that
((ii)) those products are originating in Ceuta and Melilla or the Community within the meaning of this Protocol, provided that they have been submitted to working or processing which goes beyond the insufficient working or processing referred to in Article 7(1).
2. Ceuta and Melilla shall be considered as a single territory.
3. The exporter or his authorised representative shall enter ‘Egypt’ and ‘Ceuta and Melilla’ in box 2 of movement certificates EUR1 or on invoice declarations. In addition, in the case of products originating in Ceuta and Melilla, this shall be indicated in box 4 of movement certificates EUR1 or on invoice declarations.
4. The Spanish customs authorities shall be responsible for the application of this Protocol in Ceuta and Melilla.
TITLE VIII
FINAL PROVISIONS
Amendments to the Protocol
Article 38 
The Association Council may decide to amend the provisions of this Protocol.
Implementation of the Protocol
Article 39 
The Community and Egypt shall each take the steps necessary to implement this Protocol.
Goods in transit or storage
Article 40 
The provisions of the Agreement may be applied to goods which comply with the provisions of this Protocol and which on the date of entry into force of the Agreement are either in transit or are in the Community or in Egypt or, in temporary storage in bonded warehouses or in free zones, subject to the submission to the customs authorities of the importing State, within four months of that date, of a certificate EUR1 issued retrospectively by the competent authorities of the exporting State together with the documents showing that the goods have been transported directly.
PROTOCOL 5
on mutual assistance between administrative authorities in customs matters
Definitions
Article 1 
For the purposes of this Protocol:

((a)) ‘customs legislation’ shall mean any legal or regulatory provisions applicable in the territories of the Parties governing the import, export, and transit of goods and their placing under any other customs regime or procedure, including measures of prohibition, restriction and control;
((b)) ‘applicant authority’ shall mean a competent administrative authority which has been designated by one of the Parties for this purpose and which makes a request for assistance on the basis of this Protocol;
((c)) ‘requested authority’ shall mean a competent administrative authority which has been designated by one of the Parties for this purpose and which receives a request for assistance on the basis of this Protocol;
((d)) ‘personal data’ shall mean all information relating to an identified or identifiable individual;
((e)) ‘operation in breach of customs legislation’ shall mean any violation or attempted violation of customs legislation.
Scope
Article 2 

1. The Parties shall assist each other, in the areas within their competence, in the manner and under the conditions laid down in this Protocol, to ensure the correct application of the customs legislation, in particular by preventing, investigating and combating operations in breach of that legislation.
2. Assistance in customs matters, as provided for in this Protocol, shall apply to any administrative authority of the Parties which is competent for the application of this Protocol. It shall not prejudice the rules governing mutual assistance in criminal matters. Nor shall it cover information obtained under powers exercised at the request of a judicial authority, except where communication of such information is authorised by that authority.
3. Assistance to recover duties, taxes or fines is not covered by this protocol.
Assistance on request
Article 3 

1. At the request of the applicant authority, the requested authority shall provide it with all relevant information which may enable it to ensure that customs legislation is correctly applied, including information regarding activities noted or planned which are or could be operations in breach of customs legislation.
2. At the request of the applicant authority, the requested authority shall inform it:
(a) whether goods exported from the territory of one of the Parties have been properly imported into the territory of another Party, specifying, where appropriate, the customs procedure applied to the goods;
(b) whether goods imported into the territory of one of the Parties have been properly exported from the territory of the other Party, specifying, where appropriate, the customs procedure applied to the goods.
3. At the request of the applicant authority, the requested authority shall, within the framework of its legal or regulatory provisions, take the necessary steps to ensure special surveillance of:
(a) natural or legal persons in respect of whom there are reasonable grounds for believing that they are or have been involved in operations in breach of customs legislation;
(b) places where stocks of goods have been or may be assembled in such a way that there are reasonable grounds for believing that these goods are intended to be used in operations in breach of customs legislation;
(c) goods that are or may be transported in such a way that there are reasonable grounds for believing that they are intended to be used in operations in breach of customs legislation;
(d) means of transport that are or may be used in such a way that there are reasonable grounds for believing that they are intended to be used in operations in breach of customs legislation.
Spontaneous assistance
Article 4 
The Parties shall assist each other, at their own initiative and in accordance with their legal or regulatory provisions, if they consider that to be necessary for the correct application of customs legislation, particularly by providing information obtained pertaining to:

— activities which are or appear to be operations in breach of customs legislation and which may be of interest to another Party,
— new means or methods employed in carrying out operations in breach of customs legislation,
— goods known to be subject to operations in breach of customs legislation,
— natural or legal persons in respect of whom there are reasonable grounds for believing that they are or have been involved in operations in breach of customs legislation,
— means of transport in respect of which there are reasonable grounds for believing that they have been, are, or may be used in operations in breach of customs legislation.
Delivery, notification
Article 5 
At the request of the applicant authority, the requested authority shall, in accordance with legal or regulatory provisions applicable to the latter, take all necessary measures in order:

— to deliver any documents, or
— to notify any decisions,
emanating from the applicant authority and falling within the scope of this Protocol, to an addressee residing or established in the territory of the requested authority.
Requests for delivery of documents or notification of decisions shall be made in writing in an official language of the requested authority or in a language acceptable to that authority.
Form and substance of requests for assistance
Article 6 

1. Requests pursuant to this Protocol shall be made in writing. They shall be accompanied by the documents necessary to enable compliance with the request. When required because of the urgency of the situation, oral requests may be accepted, but must be confirmed in writing immediately.
2. Requests pursuant to paragraph 1 shall include the following information:
(a) the applicant authority;
(b) the measure requested;
(c) the object of and the reason for the request;
(d) the legal or regulatory provisions and other legal elements involved;
(e) indications as exact and comprehensive as possible on the natural or legal persons who are the target of the investigations;
(f) a summary of the relevant facts and of the enquiries already carried out.
3. Requests shall be submitted in an official language of the requested authority or in a language acceptable to that authority. This requirement shall not apply to any documents that accompany the request under paragraph 1.
4. If a request does not meet the formal requirements set out above, its correction or completion may be requested; in the meantime precautionary measures may be ordered.
Execution of requests
Article 7 

1. In order to comply with a request for assistance, the requested authority shall proceed, within the limits of its competence and available resources, as though it were acting on its own account or at the request of other authorities of that same Party, by supplying information already possessed, by carrying out appropriate enquiries or by arranging for them to be carried out. This provision shall also apply to any other authority to which the request has been addressed by the requested authority when the latter cannot act on its own.
2. Requests for assistance shall be executed in accordance with the legal or regulatory provisions of the requested Party.
3. Duly authorised officials of one of the Parties may, with the agreement of the other Party involved and subject to the conditions laid down by the latter, be present to obtain in the offices of the requested authority or any other concerned authority in accordance with paragraph 1, information relating to activities that are or may be operations in breach of customs legislation which the applicant authority needs for the purposes of this Protocol.
4. Duly authorised officials of one of the Parties may, with the agreement of the other Party involved and subject to the conditions laid down by the latter, be present at enquiries carried out in the latter's territory.
Form in which information is to be communicated
Article 8 

1. The requested authority shall communicate results of enquiries to the applicant authority in writing together with relevant documents, certified copies or other items.
2. This information may be in computerised form.
(3) Original files and documents shall be transmitted only upon request in cases where certified copies would be insufficient. These originals shall be returned at the earliest opportunity.
Exceptions to the obligation to provide assistance
Article 9 

1. Assistance may be refused or may be subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions or requirements, in cases where a Party is of the opinion that assistance under this Protocol would:
(a) be likely to prejudice the sovereignty of Egypt or that of a Member State which has been requested to provide assistance under this Protocol; or
(b) be likely to prejudice public policy, security or other essential interests, in particular in the cases referred to under Article 10(2); or
(c) violate an industrial, commercial or professional secret.
2. Assistance may be postponed by the requested authority on the ground that it will interfere with an ongoing investigation, prosecution or proceeding. In such a case, the requested authority shall consult with the applicant authority to determine if assistance can be given subject to such terms or conditions as the requested authority may require.
3. Where the applicant authority seeks assistance which it would itself be unable to provide if so requested, it shall draw attention to that fact in its request. It shall then be for the requested authority to decide how to respond to such a request.
4. For the cases referred to in paragraphs 1 and 2, the decision of the requested authority and the reasons therefor must be communicated to the applicant authority without delay.
Information exchange and confidentiality
Article 10 

1. Any information communicated in whatsoever form pursuant to this Protocol shall be of a confidential or restricted nature, depending on the rules applicable in each of the Parties. It shall be covered by the obligation of official secrecy and shall enjoy the protection extended to similar information under the relevant laws of the Party that received it and the corresponding provisions applying to the Community authorities.
2. Personal data may be exchanged only where the Party which may receive it undertakes to protect such data in at least an equivalent way to the one applicable to that particular case in the Party that may supply it. To this end, the Parties communicate each other information on their applicable rules, including, where appropriate, legal provisions in force in the Member States of the Community.
3. The use, in judicial or administrative proceedings instituted in respect of operations in breach of customs legislation, of information obtained under this Protocol, is considered to be for the purposes of this Protocol. Therefore, the Parties may, in their records of evidence, reports and testimonies and in proceedings and charges brought before the courts, use as evidence information obtained and documents consulted in accordance with the provisions of this Protocol. The competent authority which supplied that information or gave access to those documents shall be notified of such use.
4. Information obtained shall be used solely for the purposes of this Protocol. Where one of the Parties wishes to use such information for other purposes, it shall obtain the prior written consent of the authority which provided the information. Such use shall then be subject to any restrictions laid down by that authority.
Experts and witnesses
Article 11 
An official of a requested authority may be authorised to appear, within the limitations of the authorisation granted, as an expert or witness in judicial or administrative proceedings regarding the matters covered by this Protocol, and produce such objects, documents or certified copies thereof, as may be needed for the proceedings. The request for appearance must indicate specifically before which judicial or administrative authority the official will have to appear, on what matters and by virtue of what title or qualification the official will be questioned.
Assistance expenses
Article 12 
The Parties shall waive all claims on each other for the reimbursement of expenses incurred pursuant to this Protocol, except, as appropriate, for expenses to experts and witnesses, and those to interpreters and translators who are not public service employees.
Implementation
Article 13 

1. The implementation of this Protocol shall be entrusted on the one hand to the customs authorities of Egypt and on the other hand to the competent services of the Commission of the European Communities and the customs authorities of the Member States as appropriate. They shall decide on all practical measures and arrangements necessary for its application, taking into consideration the rules in force in particular in the field of data protection. They may recommend to the competent bodies amendments which they consider should be made to this Protocol.
2. Parties shall consult each other and subsequently keep each other informed of the detailed rules of implementation which are adopted in accordance with the provisions of this Protocol.
Other agreements
Article 14 

1. Taking into account the respective competencies of the European Community and the Member States, the provisions of this Protocol shall:
— not affect the obligations of the Parties under any other international agreement or convention,
— be deemed complementary with agreements on mutual assistance which have been or may be concluded between individual Member States and Egypt, and
— not affect the Community provisions governing the communication between the competent services of the Commission of the European Communities and the customs authorities of the Member States of any information obtained under this Protocol which could be of interest to the Community.
2. Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraph 1, the provisions of this Protocol shall take precedence over the provisions of any bilateral agreement on mutual assistance which has been or may be concluded between individual Member States and Egypt insofar as the provisions of the latter are incompatible with those of this Protocol.
3. In respect of questions relating to the applicability of this Protocol, the Parties shall consult each other to resolve the matter in the framework of the Association Committee.
FINAL ACT 
The Plenipotentiaries of:
THE KINGDOM OF BELGIUM,
THE KINGDOM OF DENMARK,
THE FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY,
THE HELLENIC REPUBLIC,
THE KINGDOM OF SPAIN,
THE FRENCH REPUBLIC,
IRELAND,
THE ITALIAN REPUBLIC,
THE GRAND DUCHY OF LUXEMBOURG,
THE KINGDOM OF THE NETHERLANDS,
THE REPUBLIC OF AUSTRIA,
THE PORTUGUESE REPUBLIC,
THE REPUBLIC OF FINLAND,
THE KINGDOM OF SWEDEN,
THE UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND,
Contracting Parties to the Treaty establishing the EUROPEAN COMMUNITY and the Treaty establishing the EUROPEAN COAL AND STEEL COMMUNITY, hereinafter referred to as the ‘Member States’, and
of the THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITY and the THE EUROPEAN COAL AND STEEL COMMUNITY, hereinafter referred to as ‘the Community’,
of the one part, and
the plenipotentiaries of the ARAB REPUBLIC OF EGYPT, hereinafter referred to as ‘Egypt’,
of the other part,
meeting at Luxembourg on 25 June 2001 for the signature of the Euro-Mediterranean Agreement establishing an association between the European Communities and their Member States, of the one part, and the Arab Republic of Egypt, of the other part, hereinafter referred to as ‘Euro-Mediterranean Agreement’, have adopted the following texts:
the Euro-Mediterranean Agreement, the Annexes thereto and the following Protocols:
Protocol 1concerning the arrangements applicable to imports into the Community of agricultural products originating in EgyptProtocol 2concerning the arrangements applicable to imports into Egypt of agricultural products originating in the CommunityProtocol 3concerning the arrangements applicable to processed agricultural productsProtocol 4concerning the definition of the concept of ‘originating products’ and methods of administrative cooperationProtocol 5on mutual assistance between administrative authorities in customs matters.
The plenipotentiaries of the Member States and of the Community and the plenipotentiary of Egypt have adopted the texts of the Joint Declarations listed below and annexed to this Final Act:

 Joint Declaration on Article 3(2) of the Agreement
 Joint Declaration on Article 14 of the Agreement
 Joint Declaration on Article 18 of the Agreement
 Joint Declaration on Article 34 of the Agreement
 Joint Declaration on Article 37 of, and Annex VI to, the Agreement
 Joint Declaration on Article 39 of the Agreement
 Joint Declaration on Title VI, Chapter 1, of the Agreement
 Joint Declaration on the protection of data.
The plenipotentiaries of the Member States and the plenipotentiary of Egypt take note of the following Unilateral Declarations by the European Community:

 Declaration by the European Community on Article 11 of the Agreement
 Declaration by the European Community on Article 19 of the Agreement
 Declaration by the European Community on Article 21 of the Agreement
 Declaration by the European Community on Article 34 of the Agreement
 Declaration by the European Community
The plenipotentiaries of the Member States and of the Community and the plenipotentiary of Egypt have also taken note of the Agreement in the form of an Exchange of Letters mentioned below and attached to this Final Act:
Agreement in the form of an Exchange of Letters between the Community and Egypt concerning imports into the Community of fresh cut flowers and flower buds falling within subheading 0603 10 of the Common Customs Tariff.

Hecho en Luxemburgo, el veinticinco de junio de dos mil uno.Udfærdiget i Luxembourg den femogtyvende juni to tusind og et.Geschehen zu Luxemburg am fünfundzwanzigsten Juni zweitausendundeins.Έγινε στο Λουξεμβούργο, στις είκοσι πέντε Ιουνίου δύο χιλιάδες ένα.Done at Luxembourg on the twenty-fifth day of June in the year two thousand and one.Fait à Luxembourg, le vingt-cinq juin deux mille un.Fatto a Lussemburgo, addì venticinque giugno duemilauno.Gedaan te Luxemburg, de vĳfentwintigste juni tweeduizendeneen.Feito no Luxemburgo, em vinte e cinco de Junho de dois mil e um.Tehty Luxemburgissa kahdentenakymmenentenäviidentenä päivänä kesäkuuta vuonna kaksituhattayksi.Som skedde i Luxemburg den tjugofemte juni tjugohundraett.
Pour le Royaume de Belgique
Voor het Koninkrĳk België
Für das Königreich Belgien

Cette signature engage également la Communauté française, la Communauté flamande, la Communauté germanophone, la Région wallonne, la Région flamande et la Région de Bruxelles-Capitale.
Deze handtekening verbindt eveneens de Vlaamse Gemeenschap, de Franse Gemeenschap, de Duitstalige Gemeenschap, het Vlaamse Gewest, het Waalse Gewest en het Brussels Hoofdstedelĳk Gewest.
Diese Unterschrift bindet zugleich die Deutschsprachige Gemeinschaft, die Flämische Gemeinschaft, die Französische Gemeinschaft, die Wallonische Region, die Flämische Region und die Region Brüssel-Hauptstadt.
På Kongeriget Danmarks vegne

Für die Bundesrepublik Deutschland

Για την Ελληνική Δημοκρατία

Por el Reino de España

Pour la République française

Thar cheann Na hÉireann
For Ireland

Per la Repubblica italiana

Pour le Grand-Duché de Luxembourg

Voor het Koninkrĳk der Nederlanden

Für die Republik Österreich

Pela República Portuguesa

Suomen tasavallan puolesta

För Konungariket Sverige

For the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

Por las Comunidades Europeas
For De Europæiske Fællesskaber
Für die Europäischen Gemeinschaften
Για τις Ευρωπαïκές Κοινότητες
For the European Communities
Pour les Communautés européennes
Per le Comunità europee
Voor de Europese Gemeenschappen
Pelas Comunidades Europeias
Euroopan yhteisöjen puolesta
På Europeiska gemenskapernas vägnar


JOINT DECLARATIONS
JOINT DECLARATION ON ARTICLE 3(2) 
It is understood that the political dialogue and cooperation will also cover issues relating to the fight against terrorism.

JOINT DECLARATION ON ARTICLE 14 
Both Parties agree to negotiate with a view to granting each other concessions in the trade of fish and fishery products on the basis of reciprocity and mutual interest, with the objective of reaching agreement on the details no later than one year after the signature of this Agreement.

JOINT DECLARATION ON ARTICLE 18 
In case of serious difficulties arising in relation to the level of imports under the agreement the provisions providing for consultation between the Parties may be used, urgently where necessary.

JOINT DECLARATION ON ARTICLE 34 
The Parties recognise that Egypt is currently in the process of drafting its own competition law. This will provide the necessary conditions for agreeing on the implementation rules referred to in Article 34(2). While drafting its law, Egypt will take into account the competition rules developed within the European Union.
Until the implementation rules referred to in Article 34(2) are adopted, if serious problems arise, the Parties may raise the matter for consideration in the Association Council.

JOINT DECLARATION ON ARTICLE 37 AND ANNEX VI 
For the purpose of this Agreement, intellectual property includes, in particular, copyright, including copyright in computer programmes, and neighbouring rights, patents, industrial designs, geographical indications, including appellations of origin, trademarks and service marks, topographies of integrated circuits, as well as the protection against unfair competition as referred to in Article 10 bis of the Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property (Stockholm Act, 1967) and protection of undisclosed information on ‘know-how’.

JOINT DECLARATION ON ARTICLE 39 
The Parties agree that, in the event of a serious disequilibrium in their overall balance of trade, which threatens trade relations, either Party may call for consultations within the Association Committee in order to promote, in line with Article 39, balanced economic relations and to consider ways to sustainably improve the situation with a view to reduce the imbalances.

JOINT DECLARATION ON TITLE VI CHAPTER 1 
The Parties agree to endeavour to facilitate the issuing of visas to bona fide persons active in the implementation of this Agreement, including, inter alia, business persons, investors, academics, trainees, government officials; first degree family members of persons legally resident in the territory of the other party shall also be considered.

JOINT DECLARATION ON THE PROTECTION OF DATA 
The Parties agree that the protection of data will be guaranteed in all areas where the exchange of personal data is envisaged.

DECLARATIONS BY THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITY DECLARATION BY THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITY ON ARTICLE 11 

When consultations are requested as provided for in the last paragraph of Article 11, the Community will be ready to hold consultations within 30 days of the exceptional measures being notified to the Association Committee by Egypt.

The purpose of such consultations will be to ensure that the measures concerned are in accordance with the provisions of Article 11, and the Community will not oppose the adoption of the measures if these conditions are met.
DECLARATION BY THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITY ON ARTICLE 19 

The special provisions applied by the Community to the Canary Islands, referred to in Article 19(2) are those provided for by Council Regulation (EEC) No 1911/91 of 26 June 1991.
DECLARATION BY THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITY ON ARTICLE 21 

The Community is prepared to hold meetings at official level, at Egypt's request, to provide information on any modifications which may have been introduced in its trade relations with third countries.
DECLARATION BY THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITY ON ARTICLE 34 

The Community declares that, until the adoption by the Association Council of the implementing rules on fair competition referred to in Article 34(2), in the context of the interpretation of Article 34(1), it will assess any practice contrary to that Article on the basis of the criteria resulting from the rules contained in Articles 81, 82 and 87 of the Treaty establishing the European Community, and, for products covered by the Treaty establishing the European Coal and Steel Community, by those contained in Articles 65 and 66 of that Treaty and the Community rules on State aid, including secondary legislation.

The Community declares that, as regards the agricultural products referred to in Title II Chapter 3, the Community will assess any practice contrary to paragraph 1(i) of Article 34 according to the criteria established by the Community on the basis of Articles 36 and 37 of the Treaty establishing the European Community and in particular those established in Council Regulation No 26/62 as amended, and any practice contrary to paragraph 1(iii) of Article 34 according to the criteria established by the European Community on the basis of Articles 36 and 87 of the Treaty establishing the European Community.
DECLARATION BY THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITY 

The provisions of the Agreement that fall within the scope of Part III, Title IV of the Treaty establishing the European Community bind the United Kingdom and Ireland as separate Contracting Parties, and not as part of the European Community, until the United Kingdom or Ireland (as the case may be) notifies the Arab Republic of Egypt that it has become bound as part of the European Community in accordance with the Protocol on the position of the United Kingdom and Ireland annexed to the Treaty on European Union and the Treaty establishing the European Community. The same applies to Denmark, in accordance with the Protocol annexed to those Treaties on the position of Denmark.

AGREEMENT in the form of an Exchange of Letters between the Community and Egypt concerning imports into the Community of fresh cut flowers and flowers and flower buds falling within subheading 0603 10 of the Common Customs Tariff 
Sir,
The following was agreed between the Community and Egypt:
Protocol 1 of the Euro-Mediterranean Agreement provides for the elimination of customs duties on imports into the Community of cut flowers and flower buds, fresh, falling within subheading 0603 10 of the Common Customs Tariff and originating in Egypt, subject to a limit of 3 000 tonnes.
Egypt undertakes to abide by the conditions laid down below for imports into the Community of roses and carnations which qualify for the elimination of this tariff:

— the price level of imports into the Community must be at least equal to 85 % of the Community price level for the same products over the same periods,
— the Egyptian price level shall be determined by recording the prices of the imported products, on representative Community import markets,
— the Community price level shall be based on the producer prices recorded on representative markets of the main producer Member States,
— price levels will be recorded on a fortnightly basis and weighted by the respective quantities. This provision is valid for Community prices and for Egyptian prices,
— for both Community producer prices and the import prices of Egyptian products, a distinction shall be made between large-flowered and small-flowered roses and between unifloral and multifloral carnations,
— if the Egyptian price level for any one type of product is below 85 % of the Community price level, the tariff preference shall be suspended. The Community shall reinstate the tariff preference when an Egyptian price level equal to 85 % or more of the Community price level is recorded.
I should be obliged if you would confirm that your Government is in agreement with the contents of this letter.
Please accept, Sir, the assurance of my highest consideration.

For the European Community
Sir,
I have the honour to acknowledge receipt of your letter of today's date which reads as follows:
'The following was agreed between the Community and Egypt:Protocol 1 of the Euro-Mediterranean Agreement provides for the elimination of customs duties on imports into the Community of cut flowers and flower buds, fresh, falling within subheading 0603 10 of the Common Customs Tariff and originating in Egypt, subject to a limit of 3 000 tonnes.Egypt undertakes to abide by the conditions laid down below for imports into the Community of roses and carnations which qualify for the elimination of this tariff:
— the price level of imports into the Community must be at least equal to 85 % of the Community price level for the same products over the same periods,
— the Egyptian price level shall be determined by recording the prices of the imported products on representative Community import markets,
— the Community price level shall be based on the producer prices recorded on representative markets of the main producer Member States,
— price levels will be recorded on a fortnightly basis and weighted by the respective quantities. This provision is valid for Community prices and for Egyptian prices,
— for both Community producer prices and the import prices of Egyptian products, a distinction shall be made between large-flowered and small-flowered roses and between unifloral and multifloral carnations,
— if the Egyptian price level for any one type of product is below 85 % of the Community price level, the tariff preference shall be suspended. The Community shall reinstate the tariff preference when an Egyptian price level equal to 85 % or more of the Community price level is recorded.I should be obliged if you would confirm that your Government is in agreement with the contents of this letter.'
I have the honour to confirm that my Government is in agreement with the contents of your letter.
Please accept, Sir, the assurance of my highest consideration.

For the Government of the Arab Republic of Egypt